章振邦语法英语句子汉译:分句替代词用法
2020-07-24 08:15阅读:
分句替代词的用法
分句替代词
so /
not 所取代的
that-
分句通常带有不甚确定的含义,既不肯定,也不否定,所以
so /
not 常与
I'm
afraid,believe,
expect, fear, guess, hope,
suppose,
think等词语搭配。在能作转移否定的结构中,以用
don't think so,
I don't suppose
so
更加自然。在表示明显肯定口气或者怀疑口气的简短反应中,通常不用
so/
not。例如:
A: Are the girls coming to the party?
女孩们来参加聚会吗?
B: l'm sure
they are/
I'm sure
of it. 肯定会。
I doubt if they are /
I doubt it.
无法肯定。
在上述答语中,不可以说 * I'm
sure so/ not.
* I doubt
so /
not 基于相同的理由,通常也不说
*I know
so/ not。
分句替代词 so
还可以和某些表示说话的动词连用,而 not
通常不这样用。例如:
A: The Yankees
(美国人) will
win the game.
美国人将赢得这场比赛。
B: All
my friends say
so. 所有我的朋友都说是这样的。
A: How do you know that
he's leaving
soon? 你怎么知道他会走得很快?
B: He told
me so.
他告诉过我。
A: Your father and
mine we great
friends when they
were young.
你父亲和我父亲是朋友时都年轻。
B: I have been
told so.
听说是这样。
在上述诸例中,通常不用 not 与
say, tell
等动词搭配,除非主语是作类指的人称代词。例如:
A: Are the
Yankees a
very strong team?
洋基人是支强队吗?
B: No,
they say
not. 并非如此,他们说不行。
分句替代词 not 可与
perhaps,
possibly,
probably,
certainly,
sure
等表示情态意义的副词搭配,构成某些缩略句。例如:
A: Is your brother
going with you?
你哥哥会和你一起去吗?
B: Perhaps not.
(= Perhaps he
is not going with me.)
可能不会。
A: Will Mary come
to the party
tomorrow?玛丽来参加的聚会是明天吗?
B: Possibly not.
(= It
is possible that she
won't come.)
可能不是。
A: Will you
waste your time and
money on that?
你会把时间和金钱浪费在这上面吗?
B: Certainly not.
(= Certainly
I will not do
it.) 当然不会。
A: Does she
really know him?
她真的认识他吗?
B: Surely not.
(= Surely she does not know
him.) 当然不。
在上述结构中,通常不用 so。
此外, not
还可与 why
搭配,构成缩略疑问句 Wh
not 。 例如:
A: I didn't stop him.
我没阻止他。
B: Why not?
(= Why didn't
you stop him?)为什么不?
在上述结构中,用 so
则比较少见。