[转载]雅思大作文-Coherence & Cohesion
2016-03-28 10:58阅读：
熟悉雅思写作评分标准的同学应该对“CC”这个代号不太陌生，无数老师跟风似地也强调着它的重要性。那既然CC如此重要，你真的知道它是什么意思吗？如果你还不太清楚，这篇博文可能对你还有点小用处呢：P
先看下Coherence & Cohesion的意思
Coherence： when something such
as a piece of writing is easy to understand because its
parts are connected in a clear and reasonable way.
Cohesion： a close
relationship, based on grammar or meaning, between two
parts of a sentence or larger piece of writing.
（来自朗文第五版词典）
一篇cohesive的文章，句与句，段与段之间是有关联的，比如，他们之间可能是因果关系，并列关系，转折关系，让步关系又或者是递进关系。当然，这种关系也不是加了逻辑连词就能够产生的。比如你写2句话，句1，我爱你；句2，你很帅，不会因为你写了，“我爱你，所以你很帅。”就说明这2个句子有因果关系了。写这个例子我是想说，有逻辑连词的文章不见得有逻辑。
大家看了上面的例子估计开始鄙视我了，那样的逻辑错误，我能犯吗？！
![[转载]雅思大作文-Coherence <wbr>](http://www.sinaimg.cn/uc/myshow/blog/misc/gif/E___7394ZH00SIGG.gif)
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/>那请允许我再举一个例子，句1，体育课和音乐课很重要；句2，因为上这课可以提高合作能力，这回有木有觉得因果关系强了很多？没有。（不好意思我又自问自答了）作为读者事实上我还是不知道体育课和合作能力有什么关系。你需要具体解释为什么，不然你的句子连接就不算合理。比如你可以说，足球比赛，2支队伍，队友之间需要相互讨论战术如何战胜对方，同时发现队友的长处，从而配合进球。这个过程帮助提高了协作能力。哦，这么一说我懂了。但往往童鞋们是不屑解释自己的观点的，想当然觉得读者都能理解你。事实上，“Your
readers probably know less than you do about your subject, and so
you must be clearer than you think you need to be.”
（来自Joseph M. Williams）
我们来看一个具体的段落 What' s wrong with this
paragraph?
The effects of the Global
Financial Crisis were first felt in 2007. Stock markets fell
sharply around the world. Australia has experienced a period of
relative economic prosperity since 2007. Good business practices
lessened the effect of the Global Financial Crisis. There has been
a surge in mining investment. ![[转载]雅思大作文-Coherence <wbr>& <wbr>Cohesion <wbr>](http://www.sinaimg.cn/uc/myshow/blog/misc/gif/E___7472ZH00SIGG.gif "[转载]雅思大作文-Coherence <wbr>& <wbr>Cohesion <wbr>")
你现在的心情可能和考官当时看你作文的心情是一样的...
现在再看看呢？
The effects of the Global Financial Crisis were first felt in
2007 as a result of a sharp fall in
Stock markets around the world. However, Australia
has experienced a period of relative economic prosperity in
the same period. This can partly be attributed
to good business practices as well as a surge in mining
investment, which have lessened the effect of
economic downturn.
从这里我们不难看出一些逻辑连词的重要性。
（段落来自The University of Melbourne-Academic skills）
如何提升Cohesion？
–用代词（pronoun）
(he, she, it, they, this, that, these, those, one, the former,
the
latter等) – 去指代之前出现过的内容
–使用逻辑连词 (because, and, but, therefore, however等)
–使用平行或同义表达替换之前提到的内容（因为要写前后有关连的句子，写完第一句话后，可能会通过第二句话再次提到之前某个意思再写下去，比如bananas
/ fruit； The last three months / in the same period）
再比如：Fish oil supplements have been demonstrated to reduce fat
absorption.
Such reductions can result in an
overall decrease in…
阅读下面的段落，帮助我们更好地理解Coherence
Our notion that only poets and novelists have to write is
unrealistic. Students going into the technical or scientific fields
may think that writing is something they seldom have to do.
However, practicing engineers and scientists say
they spend half of their time writing memos and reports.
Similarly, College students going into business
think their secretaries will do their writing for them even
though young business people seldom have private
secretaries. Furthermore, this attitude shows a
naive faith in the competency of their secretaries. Despite
all this, many of us foolishly object to taking courses in
writing. Arguably, a person in any field who can
express ideas clearly is sure to succeed.（段落来自The University of
Melbourne-Academic skills）
点评：
一个主体段有1个观点，且第一句话是中心句。
中心句：Our notion that only poets and novelists have to
write is unrealistic.
后文的论述是围绕中心句展开的，告诉读者中心句为什么对，你可以用自己的想法，例子，或者事实等去解释中心句，只要你能解释清楚皆可。所谓的coherence强调的就是整段的一致性。
论据1：practicing engineers and scientists say they
spend half of their time writing memos and reports.
论据2：用Similarly引导并列的论据
College students going into business think their
secretaries will do their writing for them even
though young business people seldom have private
secretaries.
Furthermore事实上不用来引出新内容，而是对同一个内容进行补充
this attitude shows a naive faith in the competency
of their secretaries.
Arguably用来引出自己的观点，去解释为什么XX是对的。
a person in any field who can express ideas clearly
is sure to succeed.
如果需要我的帮助，可以参与1对1培训：http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/s/blog_64030e530101r93z.html?vt=4
