反意疑问句
2011-08-08 11:56阅读：
由“陈述句 + 附加疑问句”两部分构成。一般有两种形式：前肯后否或前否后肯。对附加疑问部分应注意以下几点：
1）主语只能用人称代词；2）附加疑问句的not必须与（be /助/情）缩写；3）附加疑问句的时态必须与陈述部分的时态一致。
eg.1)Tom is a work, isn’t Tom?(找错)_______
2)You can swim, can not you?(找错)______
3)He had lunch, doesn’t he?(找错)________
特别注意以下几种反意疑问句
1. 陈述部分含否定意味的词(few, little,
never, nothing, nobody, no, hardly,
none)，附加疑问句应使用肯定形式（但前缀词unhappy, unlike, disappear等列外）
eg. They are unhappy, aren’t they?
2.陈述部分的主语是everything, something, nothing,
anything时，附加疑问句的主语应用it；陈述部分的主语是everybody, somebody, nobody,
everyone, no one时，附加疑问句的主语应用they。
eg.1)Everything is ready, ___________?
2)Everyone is here, ____________?
3.陈述部分是祈使句时，附加疑问句一般用：will you? 但注意：
Let’s … , shall we?
Let us … , will you?
4.陈述部分含must时，附加疑问句一般用needn’t.
eg. I must finish my work now, _________?
5.陈述部分是there be结构时，应用there be结构来完成。
eg. There’s little water, ___________
*6.陈述部分含宾语从句时，疑问部分通常与主句一致。但当主句的谓语动词是think, believe且主
语是I , we时，即：
I / We think (believe) + 宾从，则附加问句应与从句一致。I’m sure + 宾从也是如此
eg.1)She said I did it, ____________?
2)We don’t think you are right, ________?
3)I’m sure you’ll help me, ____________?
*7.I’m… , aren’t I?
eg.I am older than you, __________?
8.陈述部分含had better, 疑问部分应用had better来回答。
eg. You’d better go out , ___________?
9.陈述部分是感叹句，附加问句的人称代词应与主语一致。
eg. 1)What a kind girl, __________?
2)What a fine day, ___________?
练 习
( )1.You had to work for 10 hours yesterday, _____?
A. didn’t you B. did not you
C. had not you D. did you
( )2.Don’t eat too much, ____?
A. will you B. don’t you C. do you D. can you
( )3.Lily looks like Lucy, ____?
A. is Lily B. isn’t she
C. does Lily D. doesn’t she
( )4.—You didn’t change your mind, did you</
--- ______.
A. No, I didn’t B. Yes, did I
C. No, I did D. Yes, I didn’t
( )5.The woman hardly let her daughter go to school, ____ she
?
A. does B. doesn’t C. did D. didn’t
( )6.Be sure to come to the parents’ meeting on time, ____?
A. will you B. aren’t you
C. can’t you D. mustn’t you
( )7.Let’s have a good rest, ____?
A. will we B. do we
C. shalln’t we D. shall we
( )8.He has never ridden a horse before, ___?
A. does he B. has he
C. hasn’t he D. doesn’t
( )9.Tom has supper at school, ___?
A. hasn’t he B. has he
C. doesn’t he D. does he
( )10.There is little water in the glass, ___?
A. isn’t there B. isn’t it
C. is it D. is there
十六、简单句的五种句型
1.主语 + 不及物动词（主、谓结构）
eg. He is working.
2.主语+ 及物动词 + 宾语（主、谓、宾结构）
eg. We study English every day.
3.主语+ 连系动词 + 表语（主、系、表结构）
eg. Trees turn green.
常见的连系动词有：be ; become ; get ; turn ; feel ; look(看起来)；smell(闻起来);
sound(听起来)；taste(尝起来)；seem(似乎).
特别注意：形容词常作表语
4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间宾（人）+ 直宾（物）
=主语+ 及物动词 + 直宾（物）+ to / for + 间宾（人）
常用的此类动词有：give ; pass ; show ; lend ; buy. 但buy与for连用
eg.1)I gave him a book.
= I gave a book to him.
2)My mother bought me a pen yesterday.
= My mother bought a pen for me.
5.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补
注意作宾补的词：1）名词（指宾语是谁/什么）；2）形容词；3）不定式；4）动词的ing 形式。
eg.1)We call him Jim.
2)We must keep the window open.
3)He told me to wash the plates.
4)I saw a thief going into your room.
特别注意：
1)动词不定式作宾补
A: ask / want / tell sb to do sth.
其否定式为：ask/want/tell sb not to do sth
2)省to不定式作宾补，即：
(l, m, n; 3h; 2看; 1f) sb do sth
l—let, m—make, n—notice; 3h—hear, have , help; 2看—see, watch;
1f—feel.
eg.1)The boss made the workers work 12 hours every day.
2)I often hear him sing.
2)区别省to不定式作宾补与动词ing形式作宾补.
hear / see sb do: 听见/看见某人做了某事
hear / see sb doing: 听见/看见某人在做某事
初中英语语法复习（8） 被 动 语 态
反意疑问句专题讲解
一、 当陈述部分是祈使句时：
1、肯定祈使句时，疑问部分用will you 或者 won’t you..
Close the door, will you / won’t you?
2、否定祈使句时，只用will you.
3、以let’s 开头的祈使句用shall we.
4、以let us 开头的祈使句用 will you.
5、以let me 开头的用 may I / will you.
二、 当陈述部分为并列句时，附近疑问句应采用就近原则，与最后一个分句相一致。
I help Lucy with her Chinese ,and she helps me with my English,
doesn’t she?
三、 当陈述部分为主从复合句时：
1、疑问部分须与主句保持一致：
He says his mother didn’t feel well, doesn’t he?
2、当陈述部分是 I think I believe I guess 等主句后跟that 从句时（主句的主语必须是I）
疑问部分应和从句保持一致,并且要注意否定的转移：
I believe he will pass the exam, won’t he?
I don’t think he will pass the exam, will he?
四、 部分特殊简单句的反意疑问句：
1、 陈述部分是 I am 时，后面用 aren’t I.
2、陈述部分含有否定前、后缀构成的词时，作肯定句处理，疑问部分用否定：
Tom is unhappy today, isn’t he? She is careless ,isn’t she?
3、 陈述部分含有never nothing hardly neither little few no nobody none
too…to… no one
等表示否定意义的词时，疑问部分用肯定形式：She has no money to pay for it, does she
?
4、以there 开头的陈述句有两种情况：
（1）、there be 句型时，疑问部分的主语用there,
There are some books on the table, aren’t there?
( 2)、当以表示“地点”的there 引导时，要用陈述句真实主语的相应代词形式作疑问部分的主语，
常有这两个句型：There live…… There stand……
There stand two trees on the hill, don’t they? There lived a poor
old man in the woods, didn’t he?
5、陈述部分出现had better 句式时，后面仍用had 构成疑问部分。
She’d better stay in bed, hadn’t she?
6、陈述部分的主语为不定式、动名词、或从句时，疑问部分的主语用 it .
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes, isn’t
it?
7、陈述部分的主语是this/that时，疑问部分的主语用it ,
陈述部分的主语是these/those时，疑问部分的主语用they.
8、当陈述部分的主语为everybody nobody somebody anybody everyone
等指代人的不定代词时，疑问部分的主语
用he 或者 they. 当陈述部分的主语为everything sth nothing
anything等不定代词时，疑问部分的主语用 it
9、当neither….nor…. either….or…. both…and… not only… but also…
连接并列主语时，附加部分的主语常用 复数代词。
Neither you nor I am wrong, are we? Not only Tom but also Bob has
been there, haven’t they?
反意疑问句
1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your
sister，aren't I?
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a
word with you, may I?
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody,
never, few, seldom, hardly,
rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no
answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown
(开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't
/ oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what
to do, oughtn't he? /
shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to
+ v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't
+主语）。
We have to get there
at eight tomorrow, don't
we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或
usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures
there, didn't he? / usedn't
he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v.
疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by
yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用
wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it
ten times than recite it,
wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v.
疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with
me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor,
isn't he?
You must have studied
English for three years, haven't
you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it
yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't
they?
What a smell, isn't
it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or
连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer,
are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing,
this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't
it?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr. Smith had been to
Beijing for several times, he
should have been in China
now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man
who gave us a talk, is
he?
He said he wanted to
visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect,
suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I don't think he is
bright, is he?
We believe she can do
it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody,
nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer,
don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it,
do they? (does he?)
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare
) +主语。
We need not do it
again, need we ?
He dare not say so,
dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do +
主语。
She doesn't dare to go
home alone, does she?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again,
will you?
Go with me, will you
/ won't you ?
注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?
Let's go and listen to
the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you
in the reading-room, will you
?
18) 陈述部分是'there be'结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There is something wrong
with your watch, isn't
there?
There will not be any
trouble, will there?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't
it?
He is not unkind to
his classmates, is he?
20) must在表'推测'时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
He must be there now,
isn't he?
It must be going to
rain tomorrow, won't it?
反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+动词(肯定或否定)+主语？如：
①She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she? ②You don’t like
sports, do you?
由“陈述句 + 附加疑问句”两部分构成。一般有两种形式：前肯后否或前否后肯。对附加疑问部分应注意以下几点：
1）主语只能用人称代词；2）附加疑问句的not必须与（be /助/情）缩写；3）附加疑问句的时态必须与陈述部分的时态一致。
使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则：
一、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：
肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？如：
①You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting,
aren’t they?
二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如：
①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (不能用hasn’t
he?)
②They have known the matter, haven’t they? (不能用don’t they?)
三、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如：
①They will go to town soon, won’t they?(不能用don’t they?或 aren’t
they?)
②He works very hard, doesn’t he?(不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?)
四、 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-,
等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：
①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用is he?)
②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?)
③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more
words, isn’t it?(不能用is it ?)
五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly,
seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：
①She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesn’t she?)
②He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasn’t he?)
六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’t I？表示。如：
I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) +
that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如：
①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?
②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不用don’t
we?)
八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+
that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：
①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? (不用do I?)
②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?)
九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) +
that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They all think that English is very important, don’t they?
(不用isn’t it?)
②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasn’t/ was
it?)
十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) +
that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they?
(不用hadn’t you)
②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? (不用wouldn’t
she?)
十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing,
everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：
①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?②Nothing has
happened to them, has it?
十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no
one), everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或
they一致。如：
①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he?
②Everyone has done their best in the game, haven’t they?
十三、陈述部分为Let me……时，问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如：
Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)
十四、陈述部分为Let us……时，问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如：
Let us stop to rest, will you?
十五、陈述部分为Let’s……时，问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如：
Let’s go home together, shall we?
十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用won’t
you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如：
①Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? ②You feed the bird today,
will you?
③Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?)
十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式。如：
Don’t make any noise, will you?
十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。如：
①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? ②Here is a story
about Mark Twain, isn’t here?
十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadn’t +主语？形式。
①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you?
②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we?
二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用didn’t + 主语？或usedn’t +主语？形式。
①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he?
②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they?
二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have +
V-ed表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。如：
①He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday,
didn’t he?
(不用mightn’t he?/ hasn’t he?)
②You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t
you?/haven’t you?)
二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have +
V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如：
①Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t
they? (不用mustn’t they?)
②You must have worked there a year ago, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t
you?/ haven’t you?)
二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时，问句部分的主语一般用it代替，如：
①What he said is true, isn't it? (不用didn’t he?)
②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it?
(不用won’t we?)
二十四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时，问句的主语用it代替。如：
①To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn't it?
②Skating is your favorite sport, isn't it?
反义疑问句专项练习 一、填空
1. My mom bought me a medium coke,____ ____ ?
2. You went to your grandma’s home, ____ ____?
3. Your favorite movie star is Audrey Hepburn,____ ____?
4. He will go home, ____ ____?
5. She doesn’t like to eat popcorn, ____ ____?
6. The slippers need to be washed, ____ ____?
7. Your room looks so messy, ____ ____?
8. What a messy kitchen, ____ ____?
9. You won’t sleep early, ____ ____?
10.
Your never cheat in the exam, ____ ____?
11. You cleaned your house last week, ____ ____?
12. My mother is cooking,____
____?
13. Your father plays the computer very well, ____ ____?
14. You were moved by your students, ____ ____?
15. The little baby always messes up his cradle, ____ ____?
16. Seeing movie is fun, ____ ____?
17. Jogging makes us healthy , ____ ____?
18. The sewing machine can make the clothes, ____ ____?
19. My mother doesn’t enjoy smoking, ____ ____?
20. You don’t want to be a teacher in the future, ____ ____?
21. You look so happy today, ____ ____?
二．选择：
1.You have few friends ,____ ____ ?
A: haven’t you B: have you
C: you have D: you
haven’t
2. You were on the farm yesterday, ____ you ? A: didn’t
B: don’t
C: can’t D: weren’t
3. Don’t close the window ,____ you ?
A: did
B: will
C:
was
D: won’t
4. Let’s go shopping ,_____ we ?
A: shall
B: will
C: was
D: is
5.Joan’s late for school, ___ ___ ? A: wasn’t she
B: hasn’t she
C: isn’t she D: doesn’t she
6. The meeting will begin at half past two in the afternoon, ___
___?
A: does it B: doesn’t it
C: will it D: won’t it
7. There are few people on the playground, ___ ____ ? A:are there
B:are they Chas he D:hasn’t he
8.Tom could hardly work out the maths problem ,___ he
?
A: couldn’t B: could
C: didn’t D: did
9. Let’s go to the island ,___ ___ ?
A: won’t you
B: will you C: shall we
D: will we
10. There are few students on that village ,___ there ?
A:
did B: does C: was D:
are
11. You ‘d like to go there ,____ ____ ?
A: wouldn’t you
B: hadn’t you C: didn’t you
12. There will be a football match tomorrow ,__ __ ? A:
will there B: won’t there C: isn’t
there
13. Don’t make any noise,____ ____ ?
A: won’t you
B: will you
C: aren’t you
14. Tom didn’t watch TV last night ,____ ___ ?
A: was Tom
B: did Tom C: don’t Tom
15. Come here ,____ ____ ?
A:
won’t you B: will you
C: don’t you
16. Let me help you ,____ ____ ?
A: won’t you
B: will you C: don’t
you
17. Let him come in ,____ ___ ?
A: will you
B: won’t you C: don’t you
18. He never comes to school late ,___ ____ ?
A: doesn’t he
B: does he C: will he
19. Both Tom and Jack came ,___ ___ ?
A: did he B: didn’t they C:
don’t they
20. Nothing is serious ,___ ___?
A: isn’t it
B: is it
C: will it
21 Everyone knows this,____ ____?
A: doesn’t it
B: isn’t it C: aren’t it
22. Nobody likes to lose money, ___ ___ ?
A:
does he B: doesn’t he C: do
he
23. Swimming is great fun, ____ ___?
A: isn’t it B:
doesn’t it C: aren’t it
24. What fine weather, ___ ___ ?
A:
isn’t it? B: aren’t it
C: doesn’t it
26. I am your friend, ____ _____ ?
A:
aren’t I? B: amn’t I
C: is I
27. Those are books, ____ ____ ?
A: aren’t they
B: isn’t he C: aren’t
those
28. This is your brother, _____ _____ ?
A: isn’t it
B: aren’t it C:
isn’t this
29. You’d like to have some
bananas, _____ ___ ?A: wouldn’t you B:
wouldn’t he C: hadn’t you
30. You were late yesterday,________ ________ ? A: weren’t you
B: weren’t I C:
wasn’t you
主语和谓语的确定：
1.There are few people in the room,
?
2.She is too young to go to school,
?
3.She can hardly hear you,
?
4.Tom has never been to Beijing,
?
6.There is little water in the bottle,
?
7.There is a tree in front of the building,
?
8.Something is wrong with your computer,
?
9.Anything is possible in the world,
?
10.Everything is ready,
?
11.Somebody wants to see you,
?
12.Everybody likes her very much,
?
13.This is a beautiful picture,
?
14.Those aren’t banana trees,
?
15.That is a useful book,
?
16.These are nice apples,
?
17.Tom has a new watch,
?(
)?
18.Peter has to help her mother at home,
?
19.They had a good time in Beijing,
?
20.We’d better stop talking,
?
21.Lucy has ever been to Japan,
?
22.We need to arrive in America at 8:00,
?
23.We needn’t leave at once,
?
24.They must come on time,
?
25.You mustn’t smoke here,
?
26.That girl must be Mary,
?
27.I’m right,
?
28.Listen to me carefully,
?
29.Don’t play with fire,
?
30.Let’s go to the park,
?
31.Let us help you,
?
32.She said he would come tomorrow,
?
33.He told us how to find the building,
?
34.I think she is a good girl,
?
35.We don’t think she is right,
?
反义疑问句的回答：
1.---Mary skates very well,doesn’t she? ---
,
.(是的)
2.---You don’t like the man,do you? ---
,
.(是的，我不喜欢)
3.---You are not a teacher,are you?---
,
.(我是一名老师)
4.---You are a teacher,aren’t you? ---
,
.(我是一名老师)
5.---You are not a teacher,are you? ---
,
.(我不是老师)
6.---You are a teacher,aren’t you? ---
,
.(我不是老师)
