【语法讲解】频度副词的用法
2012-05-08 14:45阅读:
频度副词(Adverbs of Frequency)
always, usually, sometimes,
occasionally, seldom, never, generally, frequently, hardly, ever,
never, rarely, constantly, continually, scarcely
等词在英文中被称为“频度副词”,是用来表示动作频率的,但程度上有别。一般说来可按频率大小排列如下:
always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom(很少)>never(
决不)
频度副词有的表示动作的经常性或事物的经常状态,有的表示动作的不规则的反复。频度副词在句子中的位置常常因谓语动词的不同而变化。其基本规律如下:
1.在实义动词之前。例如:
I hardly ever
heard her singing.我几乎从未听她唱过歌。
2.在be动词之后。如:
She is sometimes very
busy. 她有时很忙。
3.
复合谓语时,在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。如:
This job will never be
finished.这项工作永远也完不成了。
I do not often
have headache.我不常头痛。
但是,当这些情态动词、助动词需要强调时,频度副词要放在它们之前,朗读时要重读情态动词及助动词。例如:
They
always can find time for English.
他们总能找到时间学习英语。(can 应读强式)
-Why don't you
stop smoking?
-你为什么不戒烟?
-But I never
have smoked.
-我从来也不吸烟。(have要读强式)
4.
如在补充陈述或答话中单独使用助动词,频度副词常放在这类动词之前:
—Can you park your car near the
shops?
—Yes,I usually can.
—你可以在商店附近停车吗?
—是的,通常可以。
I know I should take exercise,but I never do.
我知道我应该进行体育锻炼,但我从来没这样做过。
5.
sometimes也可放在句首、句中或句末,often也可放在句末。如:
Sometimes he goes to school by
bus and sometimes he cycles to school.
有时他乘车去上学,有时骑车去上学。
She writes to me often.
她经常给我写信。
often
在被very
或者quite
修饰时,要放在句末。例如:
I didn't write
to my mother very often. 我不常给母亲写信。
但有时为了行文流畅或特别强调,quite often 和very often 也可以放在句首。例如:
Very
often the wind was too strong for us to go out.
经常由于风太大我们不能出去。
6.never, seldom, rarely, scarcely
这类表示否定意义的频度副词置于句首时,句子要倒装。例如:
Never in my
life have I heard or seen such a thing.
有生以来我从未听到过或见到过这种事情。
7.have to 表示客观需要的'不得不'时,虽相当于情态动词,但频度副词要放在它之前。例如:
I
often have to get up at five. 我经常得五点钟起床。
8.当句子中有used to时,频度副词既可以在其前也可以在其后。例如:
We
always used to go to the seaside in May.
We used to always go to the seaside in May.
那时候,我们总是五月份到海滨去。
9.
always与进行时连用时,可以表示赞叹、厌烦等感情色彩。如:
He is always
thinking of others. 他总是想着别人。(赞叹)
She is always
making the same mistakes. 她老是犯同样的错误。(厌烦)
10.
对频度副词提问时,多用how
often。如:
I go to the
cinema once a week.
---How often
do you go to the cinema?