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Arcgis desktop 矢量数据裁切(clip与erase的区别)

2012-12-18 14:32阅读：

http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/u/2451439003

ARCGIS DESKTOP 10 在线帮助地址：http://help.arcgis.com/zh-cn/arcgisdesktop/10.0/help/index.html

Clip


The Cut Features tool allows you to perform Discard Clip, Preserve Clip, or Split operations based on the feature classes you have selected within your data frame. The features you select are considered the cut features, and their geometry is used to perform the chosen operation on the target features. Target features are any features in the target layers that have a spatial relationship with the cut feature. These feature classes are updated during the selected operation. You can also choose which target features are affected by the operation you select.
Examples of cut and target features


The Cut Feature tool s
plits the target features at the boundary of the selected cut feature and deletes the portions of the target features that fall within the boundary of the cut features. Only polygon features can be used as the cut features.
Example of the results of the Discard Clip operation


步骤:
  1. Start ArcMap. 提示提示:
    If the ArcMap - Getting Started dialog box appears, you can open a new or existing map document. You can also check the Do not show this dialog box in the future check box and click Open.
  2. If necessary, load data in the map.
  3. On the main menu, click Customize > Toolbars > Production Editing.
  4. Click the Production Start Editing button Production Start Editing on the Production Editing toolbar. 注意注意:
    The Manage Features and Create Attributes, Update Attributes, or Metadata Attributes windows automatically appear when you start an edit session using the Production Start Editing tool.
    提示提示:
    If the Create Attributes, Update Attributes, or Metadata Attributes window does not appear when you start an edit session, click the Link Feature Manager To Attributes Window button Show/Hide Attributes on the Manage Features window.
  5. Select the features you want to use for your cut features.
  6. Click the Cut Features button Cut Features on the Production Editing Advanced toolbar. The Cut Features dialog box appears. All features that intersect, contain, or are contained within the selected cut features are included on the list in the Target area.
  7. Choose Discard Clip in the Operation area. 注意注意:
    The Union cut features check box is unavailable with this operation because it can be used only when there are lines, no polygons, selected.

    Cut Features dialog box with the Difference option selected


  8. On the list in the Target area, check the check boxes next to the target layers to be affected by the operation.
  9. If you want to choose the exact subtypes for use with the Cut Features tool, check the Show Subtypes check box and check the check boxes next to the subtypes to be affected.
  10. If you do not want to keep the features that are coincident with the cut geometry, uncheck the Keep coincident parts check box.
  11. If you do not want features outside the current extent to be removed, check the Only modify features within the current extent check box. When the Only modify features within the current extent check box is checked, features that are completely within the current extent or overlap the current extent are affected by the Cut Features tool.
  12. If you are using z-enabled features, choose an option in the Z Values area.
    • Use Feature Geometry—This method uses the z-values from the feature that is split or clipped. Where the feature has been clipped, the vertex has a z-value that is interpolated from the original z-values defined for the vertices on the feature. For instance, if a line feature is split in the middle, the vertex on the clipped ends would have a z-value that is an interpolation of the split feature's original z-values. If the two z-values are 10 and 20, the z-values at the clipped ends would be 15.
    • Use Clip Geometry—This method uses the z-values from the selected cut feature. Where the feature is clipped, the vertex inherits the selected cut feature's z-value. For example, if a polygon is clipped, and the cut feature has z-values of 50 for all its vertices, the vertices created on the feature that is split or clipped are going to have a z-value of 50.
  13. Click Apply.
  14. Click Cancel to close the Cut Features dialog box when running the operation.

Erase 擦除 (分析)


摘要

通过将擦除要素的多边形与输入要素相叠加来创建要素类。只将输入要素处于擦除要素外部边界之外的部分复制到输出要素类。

插图

Erase illustration

用法

  • 将与擦除要素几何重叠的输入要素几何移除。
  • 擦除要素可以为点、线或面，只要输入要素的要素类型等级与之相同或较低。面擦除要素可用于擦除输入要素中的面、线或点；线擦除要素可用于擦除输入要素中的线或点；点擦除要素仅用于擦除输入要素中的点。
  • 输入要素类的属性值将被复制到输出要素类。但是，如果输入图层是通过创建要素图层工具创建的并且选中了字段的“使用比率策略”选项，则将计算输出属性值与输入属性值的比率。如果启用了“使用比率策略”选项，分割叠加操作中的要素时，将按输入要素属性值的一定比例生成要素的属性值。输出值将根据输入要素几何被分割的比率得出。例如，如果输入几何被分割成相等的两部分，则每个新要素的属性值都等于输入要素属性值的一半。“使用比率策略”仅适用于数值字段类型。

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