否定状语位居句首的部分倒装句
2017-09-15 20:58阅读：
“强调否定状语的倒装句”的基本用法
“强调否定状语的倒装句”是指为了强调句子中针对全句的否定状语，
将其置于句首所引起部分倒装结构。常考的放于句首引起部分倒装的含有否定意义的状语有： never, seldom,
rarely, little, few, hardly/scarcely ... when ..., no sooner ...
than ..., at no time, by no means, no longer, not only ... but also
..., not until, nowhere, neither ... nor ...
等。
例如：
1.
将否定词hardly置于句首
Hardly had she spoken than she
regretted it bitterly.
话刚出口，她就后悔不迭。
Hardly had they reached Edinburgh
than they were ordered to return to London .
他们刚到爱丁堡，就接到了返回伦敦的命令。
2.
将否定词seldom置于句首
Seldom in all my life have I met such
a determined person.
我一生中很少遇见这样意志坚定的人。//
Seldom have I read an article that
was so full of lies.
我很少读到充斥这么多谎言的文章。
Seldom do we hear such fine singing
from school choirs.
我们很少能听到学校的合唱团有如此好的歌唱了。
3.
将否定词neither置于句首
I can’t ever recall Dad hugging me.
Neither did I sit on his knee.
我不记得爸爸曾经抱过我，我也没在他膝盖上坐过。
The authorities were not sympathetic
to the students’ demands, neither would they tolerate any
disruption.
当局既不支持学生们的要求，也不会容忍任何混乱发生。
4.
将否定词never置于句首
Never shall I forget this
lesson. 我绝对不会忘记这个教训。
Never before had he seen so many
people starving.
以前他从未见过这么多人挨饿。
Never in my wildest dreams had I
thought I would go to Hollywood.
我做梦也没想到自己会去好莱坞。
5.
将否定词nor置于句首
I don’t expect children to be rude,
nor do I expect to be disobeyed.
我不希望孩子们没有礼貌，也不希望他们不听话。
He doesn’t want to live in the
country when he grows up, nor does he want to live in the city.
他长大后不想住在乡下，也不想住在城里。
6.
将否定词little置于句首
Little did they know they were to be
reunited ten years later.
他们简直想不到10年后竟又能团聚。
Little did I think that we were
talking together for the last time.
我没有想到我们这次谈话竞成诀别。
Little does he know, but we’re flying
to Geneva next weekend to celebrate his birthday.
他还不知道呢，下周末我们要飞往日内瓦去给他庆祝生日。
7.
将否定词nowhere置于句首
Nowhere is drug abuse more of a
problem than in the US.
没有什么地方吸毒问题比美国更严重。
Nowhere does the article mention the
names of the people involved.
这篇文章并没有提及相关人员的名字。
8. 将否定词no
sooner置于句首
No sooner had we reached the station
than the train left. 我们刚到车站， 火车就开了。
No sooner had I got into the house
than the phone rang. 我刚进屋，电话铃就响了。
No sooner had I started mowing the
lawn than it started raining.
我刚开始修剪草坪就开始下雨了。
9. 将否定词not
until置于句首
Not until he received her letter did
he fully understand the depth of her feelings.
他直到收到她的信之后才充分理解她的感情有多深。
Not until I left home did I begin to
understand how strange my family was.
只有在我离开家以后，我才开始理解我的家庭有多么奇怪。
Not until quite recently did I have
any idea what a guided missile was like.
直到最近我才知道导弹是个什么样子。
10.
将not
(a)…结构置于句首时，其后引出部分倒装。如：
Not a single word did she say.
她连一声也没有吭。
Not a soul was there to show us the
way. 没有一个人给我们指路。
11.将no
longer结构置于句首时
No longer will I believe a word you
say. 你的话我以后一个字也不相信了。//
No longer did he feel disappointed,
but happy and hopeful.
他不再感到沮丧，而是高兴，充满希望。
12.
将含有否定词的介词短语置于句首时，其后引出部分倒装。如：
At no time did he lose his
self-control. 他始终没有失去控制力。
On no accounts must this switch be
touched. 这个开关是绝
不能触摸的。
In [Under] no circumstances will I
lend money to him. 无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
注：in no
time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序。如：
In no time he worked out the problem.
他马上就算出了那道题。
13. 当not only…but
also位于句首引出句子时，not only
后的句子通常用部分倒装形式。如：
Not only is he a teacher, but he is
also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。
Not only did he speak more correctly,
but he spoke more easily.
不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了
Not only was Churchill a statesman,
but also (he was) a poet.(not only ... but also ... 连接两个句子时，
前一个句子倒装， 后一个不倒装)丘吉尔不仅是一位政治家， 还是一位诗人。
注意： 如果放在句首的否定状语只否定主语或句中的副词， 而不针对全句，
就不用进行倒装。
例如：
Not a soul was anywhere
visible. 到处见不到一个人。//
Hardly anybody believes that.
几乎没有人相信那件事。//
Not long ago it rained.
不久前下过雨。
［考题1］ I’ve tried very
hard to improve my English. But by no means ____ with my progress.
(2006重庆)
A. the teacher is not satisfied B.
is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied D. is
the teacher satisfied
［答案］ D
［解析］题干中的but表明其后的句子应表示与“I’ve tried
very hard to improve my English.”相反的意义，
即“老师并不对我的进步感到满意”。否定主句的状语by no
means放于句首表示强调时， 主句应进行部分倒装， 而且不应再在句中加入否定词not，
据此可以排除A、 B、
C而选出D。
［考题2］ Little ____ that
we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own
way in this business. (2007安徽)
A. he realized B. he didn’t
realize
C. didn’t he realize D. did he
realize
［答案］ D
［解析］ 句首作状语的副词little本身含有否定意义，
不需另外加not， 由此排除选项B、 C；
由于句首little之后应使用部分倒装，
由此进一步排除正常语序形式的选项A而选出D。
［考题3］ They have a good
knowledge of English but little ____ they know about German.
(2005天津)
A. have B. did C. had D.
do
［答案］ D
［解析］
含有否定意义的状语little(在这里little作副词)位于分句的句首时，
主句要进行部分倒装。“they have a good knowledge of
English”这一分句采用的是一般现在时， 下划线处所表示的时态应与此一致，
故应填入do。
［考题4］ — Did Linda see
the traffic accident?
— No, no sooner ____ than it
happened. (2006天津)
A. had she gone B. she had
gone
C. has she gone D. she has
gone
［答案］ A
［解析］hardly/scarcely... when..., no
sooner... than...
都表示“一……就……”， 前面的主句通常用过去完成时，
后面的从句通常用一般过去时， 而且当hardly, scarcely或no
sooner放于句首时， 前面的主句应采用部分倒装。
［考题5］ Not only ____
interested in football but ____ beginning to show an interest in
it. (2002上海春)
A. the teacher himself is; all his
students are
B. the teacher himself is; are all
his students
C. is the teacher himself; are all
his students
D. is the teacher himself; all his
students are
［答案］ D
［解析］ not only... but
(also)... 连接两个并列分句并且包含否定含义的not only放于句首时，
not only后的分句要进行部分倒装， but (also)
后的分句不进行倒装， 因此本题应选D。
［考题6］ Not until all
the fish died in the river ____ how serious the pollution was.
(1995)
A. did the villagers realize B. the
villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize D.
didn’t the villagers realize
［答案］ A
［解析］ not... until...
表示“直到……才……”，
在为了表示强调而把否定主句的not until提至句首时，
主句要采用倒装语序(until引导的时间状语从句不倒装)，
因此本题应选A。
［考题7］ Never before
____ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.
(2005上海)
A. has this city been B. this city
has been
C. was this city D. this city
was
［答案］ A
［解析］ 否定主句的状语never
before放于句首表示强调时， 主句应进行部分倒装， 又因为描述的是一个与现在有关， 并对现在有影响的动作，
所以应用现在完成时， 本题应选A。
［考题8］ The old couple
married for 40 years and never once ____ with each other.
(2003)
A. they had quarreled B. they have
quarreled
C. have they quarreled D. had they
quarreled
［答案］ C
［解析］ 并列句的后一分句把否定性状语never
once放在了句首表示强调， 该分句应进行部分倒装， 又因为描述了一个与现在有关， 且对现在有影响的动作，
所以应用现在完成时， 本题应选C。
［考题9］ I finally got
the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life ____ so happy!
(2000北京、 安徽春)
A. did I feel B. I felt
C. I had felt D. had I
felt
［答案］ D
［解析］ 否定性状语never in all my
life放于句首时， 该句要进行部分倒装，
又因为需要表示说话人得到梦寐以求的工作之前没有这么开心过这一“过去的过去”的情况，
下划线处应采用过去完成时， 所以本题应选D。
［考题10］ Never in my
wildest dreams ____ these people are living in such poor
conditions. (2006安徽)
A. I could imagine B. could I
imagine
C. I couldn’t imagine D. couldn’t I
imagine
［答案］ B
［解析］ 否定性状语never in my wildest
dreams放于句首时， 该句要进行部分倒装， 排除选项C、 D；
never本身已经表示否定， 不应再重复使用否定形式，
因此进一步排除D而选出B。
［考题11］ I have been
living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom ____ so
lonely as now. (2007辽宁)
A. have I felt B. I had
felt
C. I have felt D. had I
felt
［答案］ A
［解析］
否定性状语seldom位于but之后分句的句首， 该分句应该进行部分倒装，
由此排除选项B、 C；
下划线所在的分句描述现在的情况而不是描述“过去的过去”，
因此应进一步排除过去完成时形式的选项D而选出A。
