[转载]铝、铜等金属电阻率电导率随温度变化公式系数ZZ
2015-11-26 20:09阅读：
此文章转自Simwe论坛Ansoft版主Perch88博客，很有用故转载，英文原文来自：
http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Materials/Physical_Chemical/Electrical.htm
在2个温度下，电阻和电阻率的关系如下：R
1 = R
2 * [1 + a *
(T
1–T
2)]
其中的温度系数a请按原文中表（本文最后）查询：
举例：
问题：25
oC电阻率是2.706 x 10
-8 a =
0.0043/
oC，请问20
oC时的电阻率是多少?
答案：R
1 = R
2 * [1 + a *
(T
1–T
2)]
把下列参数带入上式：
R
2 = 2.706
x 10
-8 ohm meters (measured resistivity at 25
oC)
a = 0.0043/
oC
T
1 = 20
oC
T
2 = 25
oC
得到：
R
1 = 2.706 x 10
-8ohm meters * [1 + 0.0043/
oC * (20
oC – 25
oC)]
= 2.648 x 10
-8ohm
meters
可以看出，温度越低，电阻率也就越低。或者说，温度越高，导体的导电性就越差，电阻就越大，通过相同电流时，损耗（一般导线材料是铜，因此也叫铜损）也就越大，这是在很多涉及到导线的设计时都需要考虑的问题。
Since conductivity is simply the inverse of resistivity, the
temperature coefficient is the same for conductivity and the
equation requires only slight modification. The equation
becomes:
s
1 = s
2 / [1 + a *
(T
1–T
2)]
Where: s
1 = conductivity value adjusted to
T
1
s
2 = conductivity value known or
measured at temperature T
2
a = Temperature Coefficient
T
1 = Temperature at which conductivity
value needs to be known
T
2 = Temperature at which known or
measured value was obtained
| Material |
Temperature Coefficient (/ oC)
|
| Nickel |
0.0059
|
| Iron |
0.0060
|
| Molybdenum |
0.0046
|
| Tungsten |
0.0044
|
| Aluminum |
0.0043
|
| Copper |
0.0040
|
| Silver |
0.0038
|
| Platinum |
0.0038
|
| Gold |
0.0037
|
| Zinc |
0.0038
|
