间歇性禁食有利心脏健康
2013-04-24 07:33阅读：
间歇性禁食能：
1. 降低心血管系统疾病和糖尿病风险
2. 调节胆固醇水平，促进身体利用脂肪作为能量来源
3. 显著增加生长激素分泌，促进代谢
本文由Mike
Ling翻译。原文附下或请见http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-04/imc-sfr033111.php
很多宗教，减肥方案，和政治抵抗里都用到禁食。最新的Intermountain医学中心心脏研究所的研究表明周期性的禁食有益健康，特别是心脏健康。
今天，美国犹他州Intermountain医学中心心脏研究所的研究人员报道：禁食不仅降低冠心病和糖尿病的风险，还能显著改变血液胆固醇水平。众所周知，胆固醇是导致冠心病和糖尿病的重要风险因素。
这个新的研究在已经发表的2007年的基础上为禁食降低冠心病提供了新的证据。在美国，冠心病是男性和女性的第一死因。新的研究里表明：短暂禁食能降低心血管系统风险因子：例如甘油三酯，体重，和血糖。
这个最新的研究发现在２０１１年四月三号新奥尔良的美国心脏协会年会上发表。
这项研究的主要负责人和Intermountain医学中心心脏和遗传流行病学研究所主任Benjamin D.
Horne博士说：“这些新的研究表明我们以前的研究发现并不是偶然。这些在不同组群的病人的研究证实了禁食对降低这些常见疾病的作用，并为我们的研究提出了新的问题：禁食只是降低疾病风险还是禁食本身就是一种健康的生活方式？”
与该小组以前的研究不同的是：这个新的研究记录了人体对禁食期的生理反应。研究对象的低密度脂蛋白－胆固醇（LDL-C,“坏”胆固醇）和高密度脂蛋白－胆固醇（HDL-C,“好”胆固醇）分别同时增加了１４％和６％。总胆固醇有所提高－这是研究人员所没有预料到的。
Horne博士说“禁食导致饥饿或应激，做为反应，身体释放更多的胆固醇，并允许身体利用脂肪来代替葡萄糖作为能量来源，有利于降低身体的脂肪细胞的数量。这一点很重要，因为脂肪细胞越少，身体越不容易产生胰岛素抵抗，或糖尿病。”
最新的研究也证实了以前观察到的禁食对生长激素的反应。生长激素是一个促进代谢的蛋白质。生长激素保护肌肉和促进代谢平衡，禁食能诱导并促
进生长激素的这些作用。在禁食的24小时里，女性生长激素的水平增加了１３倍，男性增加了２０倍。
在最新的这项试验里，研究者观察了禁食对２００名Intermountain医学中心的病人和健康志愿者。同时有另外一项试验观察了禁食对３０名病人的影响。这些病人在２４小时内只喝水，没有进食其他任何食物或饮料。禁食完后，这些人又进食常规饮食并被监测另外２４小时。血样标本和其他体检指标被采集用来评估心血管系统疾病风险，代谢性疾病风险，和其他健康指标。
尽管这些研究的发现另研究人员惊讶，现在就推荐周期性禁食还为时尚早。身体对禁食的反应和禁食对健康的影响还有待更多的研究来证明。Horne博士相信，周期性禁食有可能有一天被纳入预防糖尿病和冠心病的治疗方案。
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-04/imc-sfr033111.php
Study finds routine periodic fasting
is good for your health,
and your heart
Fasting found to reduce cardiac
risk factors, such as
triglycerides, weight, and blood
sugar levels
Murray, UT (4/03/11) – Fasting
has long been associated with
religious rituals, diets, and
political protests. Now new
evidence from cardiac researchers
at the Intermountain Medical
Center Heart Institute demonstrates
that routine periodic fasting is
also good for your health,
and your heart.
Today, research cardiologists at the
Intermountain Medical Center Heart
Institute are reporting that
fasting not only lowers one's
risk of coronary artery disease
and diabetes, but also causes
significant changes in a
person's blood cholesterol levels.
Both diabetes and elevated
cholesterol are known risk
factors for coronary heart
disease.
The discovery expands upon a
2007 Intermountain Healthcare study
that revealed an association
between fasting and reduced risk
of coronary heart disease, the
leading cause of death among
men and women in America.
In the new research, fasting
was also found to reduce
other cardiac risk factors, such
as triglycerides, weight, and
blood sugar levels.
The findings were presented Sunday,
April 3, at the annual
scientific sessions of the
American College of Cardiology
in New Orleans.
'These new findings demonstrate that
our original discovery was not
a chance event,' says Dr.
Benjamin D. Horne, PhD, MPH,
director of cardiovascular and
genetic epidemiology at the
Intermountain Medical Center Heart
Institute, and the study's
principal investigator. 'The
confirmation among a new set
of patients that fasting is
associated with lower risk of
these common diseases raises new
questions about how fasting
itself reduces risk or if
it simply indicates a healthy
lifestyle.'
Unlike the earlier research by
the team, this new research
recorded reactions in the body's
biological mechanisms during the
fasting period. The participants'
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(LDL-C, the 'bad' cholesterol)
and high-density lipoprotein
cholesterol (HDL-C, the 'good'
cholesterol) both increased (by
14 percent and 6 percent,
respectively) raising their total
cholesterol – and catching the
researchers by surprise.
'Fasting causes hunger or stress.
In response, the body releases
more cholesterol, allowing it to
utilize fat as a source
of fuel, instead of glucose.
This decreases the number of
fat cells in the body,'
says Dr. Horne. 'This is
important because the fewer fat
cells a body has, the
less likely it will experience
insulin resistance, or diabetes.'
This recent study also confirmed
earlier findings about the
effects of fasting on human
growth hormone (HGH), a
metabolic protein. HGH works to
protect lean muscle and
metabolic balance, a response
triggered and accelerated by
fasting. During the 24-hour
fasting periods, HGH increased
an average of 1,300 percent
in women, and nearly 2,000
percent in men.
In this most recent trial,
researchers conducted two fasting
studies of over 200 individuals
— both patients and healthy
volunteers — who were recruited
at Intermountain Medical Center.
A second 2011 clinical trial
followed another 30 patients who
drank only water and ate
nothing else for 24 hours.
They were also monitored while
eating a normal diet during
an additional 24-hour period.
Blood tests and physical
measurements were taken from all
to evaluate cardiac risk
factors, markers of metabolic
risk, and other general health
parameters.
While the results were surprising
to researchers, it's not time
to start a fasting diet
just yet. It will take
more studies like these to
fully determine the body's
reaction to fasting and its
effect on human health. Dr.
Horne believes that fasting
could one day be prescribed
as a treatment for preventing
diabetes and coronary heart
disease.
###
Members of the Intermountain Medical
Center Heart Institute research
team included Dr. Horne, Jeffrey
L. Anderson, MD, John F.
Carlquist, PhD, J. Brent
Muhlestein, MD, Donald L. Lappé,
MD, Heidi T. May, PhD,
MSPH, Boudi Kfoury, MD, Oxana
Galenko, PhD, Amy R. Butler,
Dylan P. Nelson, Kimberly D.
Brunisholz, Tami L. Bair, and
Samin Panahi.
