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桃夭 英译文对比分析

2013-07-23 11:08阅读:
桃夭
桃之夭夭,
灼灼其华。
之子于归,
宜其室家。

桃之夭夭,
有蕡其实。
之子于归,
宜其家室。

桃之夭夭,
其叶蓁蓁。
之子于归,
宜其家人。

注释:
夭夭:茂盛而美丽。
灼灼:zhuó明晃晃,明亮。
之:zhī这。
子:孩子,尤指女孩。
于:动词词头。无实义。
归:guī出嫁;嫁。
蕡:fén(果)硕。
蓁蓁:zhēn
茂盛。

赵彦春:
The Peach
The peach twigs sway,
Ablaze the flower;
Now she’s married away,
Befitting her new bower.

The peach twigs sway,
Mellow the pome;
Now she’s married away,
Befitting her new home.

The peach twigs sway,
Verdant the frond,
Now she’s married away,
Befitting the folks fond.
James Legge:
The T'aou yaou; allusive. PRAISE OF A BRIDE GOING TO HER FUTURE HOME.

Graceful and young the peach tree stands;
How rich its flowers, all gleaming bright!
This bride to her new home repairs ;
Chamber and house she'll order right.

Graceful and young the peach tree stands;
Large crops of fruit it soon will show.
This bride to her new home repairs;
Chamber and house her sway shall know.

Graceful and young the peach tree stands,
Its foliage clustering green and full.
This bride to her new home repairs;
Her household will attest her rule.
《桃夭》以桃比人,一个温柔娇羞的新娘形象跃然纸上。诗分为三片,反复咏唱。形式整齐,辞藻并不华丽,但是却描画出来女子动人的姿态。
赵译形式工整,音韵整饬,兼顾音形意三美,译文读起来像原文的孪生姊妹,却又独具风韵。赵译将“桃之夭夭”处理成“The peach twigs sway”,画面的动态性很强,仿佛看到了随风摇曳的桃枝;“灼灼其华”的处理更是妙,“Ablaze the flower”,让人眼前一亮,看到了那妖艳的花朵,进而联想到美丽的姑娘娇羞状红霞飞满双颊,恰似那如火闪耀的桃花。读这一片就似亲眼看到了那姑娘。“Now she’s married away, Befitting her new bower”,“bower”既指a pleasant place in the shade under a tree又指a woman's private chamber。这就将桃与人相联系,形成关联。下面两片同第一片是相同的结构,重复咏唱。
理雅各译文形式同样尊重源诗,三片结构相同;音韵方面,第一和三句不算严格的押韵,但也做到了译文有韵。理雅各这次准确理解《桃夭》的意图和主旨,译文虽然有些拖沓,但是总体也算达意。只是一点,源诗以桃比人,给人呈现的感觉是姑娘美丽温柔;而读理雅各的译文,尤其是最后一句“Her household will attest her rule”,不免让人想起来王熙凤,夏金桂。对“宜其室家/宜其家室/宜其家人”的翻译,理雅各似乎太拘泥于原文了些。总体而言,以译文的独立性和自足性来评判,理雅各译文不如赵译文。

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