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语法详解——完成时容易出错的三点：how long;since从句中；for时间状语

2013-01-21 10:59阅读：

http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/u/3108527594

(学习语法的总原则：学习语法先不要死记硬背，要用逻辑去推理，几乎所有的语法规则都符合逻辑的要求。这样学习语法既有趣味，也记得牢固。而且能真正理解西方人的思维方式）


1 How long+ 一般过去时 或 完成时： How long have you studied English? (到目前为止学了多久) How long did you study English last year? （去年学了多久） 时间状语中有last year, 是一个具体时间，所以用一般过去时


对比：when 的疑问句不用完成时，因为when提问的是具体时间。
When did you leave? When have you left? X

(08天津) He ____ football regularly for many years when he was young. When引导的状语从
句表示的是具体时间，主句一般用进行时，一般时，不用完成时
A . was playing B. played C. has played D. had played 答案 b


2 since+从句（从句中用过去时）： we have known each other since we were children.
(10重庆) The book has been translated into thirty languages since it ___ on the market in 1973.
A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes

3 for可以和一般过去时和完成时连用，区别在于 1、时间标志是否为具体时间 2、和现在情况有没有联系。
I have lived here for 4 years.
I studied English for 4 years in 1960’s. 时间状语有两个，其中in 1960’s是范围更大的一个，且是具体时间，所以用一般过去时。
EG： She often stays in Beijing for 3 months every year. Every year是具体时间 所以谓语动词不用完成时

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