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初中英语构词法前缀后缀词汇总结

2014-05-09 22:41阅读:
初中英语构词法前缀后缀词汇总结

在西安市中考报告会上,王兰英老师帮我们分析了2013年陕西省中考情况,又指点我们要认真的研读中考说明。作为一名毕业班的老师,我认真阅读了中考说明,了解到关于词汇中考要考到构词法方面的知识。我个人认为了解构词法可以让学生 关于词汇的学习更轻松,更有效,也会更有乐趣。于是我将初中阶段涉及到的下面是初中语单词构词法前缀后缀的变化总结出来,并让他们继续添加同类变化的词进去,扩大他们的词汇量,同时在中考中有所帮助。
  前缀        例词 派生词
  un- “不”     happy unhappy            like unlike
            usual unusual            friendly unfriendly
comfortable uncomfortable important unimportant
im-“不”     possible  impossible
in- ‘不’ expensive inexpensive
  后缀 例词 派生词
  -er“人”
teach teacher            play player
            clean cleaner
  (以e结尾,-r)drive driver

  (重读闭音节,双写-er)
     win winner run runner
swim swimmer        travel traveller
-or“人”      invent inventor            visit visitor
act actor collect collector
  -ly(副词后缀)   bad badly           quick quickly
           careful carefully           happy happily
           deep deeply           lucky luckily
           usual usually           noisy noisily
           slow slowly           angry angrily
           strong strongly           quiet quietly
        特例:true truly
           terrible terribly
           possible possibly
-ful(形容词后缀)
care careful           help helpful
           use useful           forget forgetful
-y (形容词后缀)
rain rainy            luck lucky
          cloud cloudy           snow snowy
wind windy
(以e结尾,去e,加-y)  noise noisy
(双写,加-y)sun sunny

 -ion(名词后缀) invent invention            operate operation
 -ness(名词后缀) busy business            good goodness
  一些特例:
  动词---形容词  
  sleep asleep   die    dead
  enjoy   enjoyable
  动词---现在分词转化为名词
  boat boating   build building
  begin    beginning   cross    crossing
  meet     meeting   turn     turning
  名词---形容词
  friend friendly   south southern
  wool woolen   danger  dangerous
  difference different   fry fried
  worry worried
  动词---过去分词转为形容词
break broken   lose lost  
  please   pleased   colour    coloured
  动词---名词
  know knowledge fly flight
  please   pleasure
  名词---名词
  farm   farmer 农夫
  动词---现在分词、过去分词转为形容词
  follow following   interest interested/ interesting
  develop developed/ developing





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