英语词类手册介词分册第三章第四节英语介词of用法例析(下)A
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英语词类手册介词分册
第三章
英语介词from与of的用法
编者 四川大竹
张有樑
第四节
英语介词of用法例析(下)A
接续前《第三节英语介词of用法例析(中)
》二、系表结构句中的of结构
三、以of结尾的行为短语动词
以介词结尾的短语动词都是及物的，从上节中“be
+形容词+of”所形成的短语动词已经得到印证；结合力异常活跃的of，其前还常与某些行为动词结合，从而结成另一类的多种及物短语动词。
1.
不及物动词+of→及物短语动词
of可与about互换的短语动词
介词of与talk、know、hear、speak等动词连用时，表示一种间接性，大意为“涉及到”；这类短语动词末尾的of都可与about互换。常见的这类短语动词有：
boast of(自夸)
complain of
(抱怨)
dream of (梦想)
hear of (听说)
know of (知道)
think
of (考虑)
speak of (谈到)
tell of
(讲述)
talk of
(谈论)等。
boast of／about
夸耀／自夸
例：Every salesman boasts of his own
ware. 卖主皆夸己货好。
She boasted of having a fine voice.
她夸耀自己有优美的歌喉。
It is bad to do evil,but worse to boast of it.
作恶是坏事，扬恶恶更甚。
Nobody should boast of his own learnin.
谁也没有必要炫耀自己的学识。
A modest man will never boast of his merits.
谦虚的人决不夸自己的功劳。
Paul likes to boast about his achievements.
保罗喜欢吹嘘他自己的成就。
She likes to boast about the cleverness of her
child. 她喜欢夸耀她的孩子聪明。
A man of character does not boast about his
successes. 高尚的人从不吹嘘他的成功。
complain of／about
抱怨／发牢骚／诉苦
例：I want to complain of these
shoes. 我想说说对这双鞋子的意见。
The patient is complaining of acute earache.
那病人在说耳部剧痛。
I’d like to complain of the damaged goods.
我方由于货物被损向你方投诉。
That is the providence, do not complain of
anyone. 不要抱怨任何人，这是天意。
I’m going to complain about this.
我想对此进行诉说。
He started to complain about this wicked world.
他开始数落这个罪恶的世界。
My landlady keeps complaining about the noise.
我的女房东总是抱怨太吵闹了。
You know me, I hate to complain about things.
你是知道我的，我讨厌抱怨。
dream of／about
梦想／梦见／渴望——后面多跟动名词短语；而且，dream
of／about还常用作名词短语。
例：I dreamt about flying last
night. 昨夜我梦见我在飞翔。
Many boys dream
of／about becoming
pilots. 许多男孩梦想成为飞行员。
He often dreams about his days in the
countryside. 他常梦见在乡下的那些日子。
I shouldn’t dream of doing such a thing.
我做梦也不会想到做这件事。
I should never have dreamt of saying such a
thing. 我无论如何也不会说出这样的话来。
He dreams of one day becoming a famous
violinist.他梦想有朝一日成为著名的小提琴家。
且：He realized the dream of his life
time. 他实现了他毕生的愿望。
“Dream of Red Mansions” is a
masterwork.《红楼梦》是一部鸿篇巨制。
He nursed the dream of becoming a great writer.
他抱有成为大作家的梦想。
I had a dream about some elephants last
night. 我昨晚梦见了一些大象。
I had a very bad dream about you the other
day. 前几天我做了一个关于你的恶梦。
hear of／about
听说／得知／对…给予考虑或准许
例：I rejoice to hear of your
promotion. 听说你高升我非常高兴。
He wouldn’t hear of my walking home alone.
他不许我单独一人走回家。
I will not hear of you making a trip to that
place. 我不允许你去那个地方旅行。
I’ve never heard of anyone doing a thing like
that. 我从未听说有人做过那种事。
Your mother will be furious if she gets to hear
of this. 你母亲若知此事定会怒不可遏。
We were more than happy to hear of your
escape! 我们听说你逃了出来，万分高兴。
I was very sad indeed to hear about it.
我听到这件事，确实非常难过。
I am most upset to hear about her bad
luck. 听说她的不幸我很感不安。
Did you hear about his son’s kidnapping?
你有没有听说他儿子被绑架的事?
She was overjoyed to hear about the arrival of
the baby. 她听说婴儿出生而欣喜若狂。
know of／about
知道／了解／听说过
例：I know of her but I have never met
her. 我知道她，但和她不相识。
Nothing is known of the authorship of the book.
无人知道该书是何人所写。
I know of an excellent little restaurant near
here. 我知道附近一个很好的小餐馆。
The villagers knew about the scandal.
村子里的居民知道这件丑事。
The neighbors know about his wronging her.
邻居们都知道他虐待她。
There is one or two things I’d like to know
about. 有一两件事我很想知道。
I don’t know the writer, but I know of him.
我不认识这个作家，但我听说过他。
learn of获悉／得知／了解←→learn
about了解／知道／学会
例：I learned of her illness only
yesterday. 我昨天才听说她病了。
We learned of his marriage in the newspapers.
我们从报上获悉他结婚了。
We were grieved to learn of his death.
听到他逝世的消息，我们非常悲痛。
It upset me to learn of their attitude.
听说他们的态度后我很是不高兴。
I was most distressed to learn about
that. 得悉此事我很感悲伤。
She’s very keen to learn about Chinese culture.
她渴望学习中国文化。
I am deeply sorry to learn about the
news. 得悉这一消息后我深感遗憾。
It is a relief to learn about his final
success. 获悉他终于成功，真叫人欣慰。
speak of／about
谈到／论及
例：He always spoke of you lovingly.
他总是深情地谈到你。
She didn’t speak of her husband at all.
她完全没有谈到她丈夫。
The point he spoke of will be attended to.
他所说的要点将被注意。
He had no sense of responsibility to speak of.
他毫无责任心可言。
I do not want to speak about it in public.
我不想当众说这件事。
He spoke about his love in the letter.
他在信中表达了他的爱意。
He has nothing to speak about that
thing. 关于那件事他没有什么可说的。
Learn to speak about your family and
friends. 学习述说你的家人和朋友。
People spoke of their fear as the flood waters
rose. 人们说起看到洪水上涨时的恐惧。
talk of／about
谈论／说到／论及
例：He talked of nothing but
painting. 他只谈绘画。
We talked of all sorts of subjects.
我们谈了各种话题。
You talked of her mind being unsettled.
你说到过她的心绪紊乱。
Talk of the devil and he will
appear. 说到曹操，曹操就到。
Mary is talking of looking for another job.
玛丽说起要另找一份工作。
They talked of other matters for a little
while. 他们谈了一会儿其他的事情。
Let’s talk about something else.
让我们谈点别的什么吧。
We have common topics to talk about.
我们有共同的话题可谈。
We can talk about this matter in private.
我们只能私下谈论这个话题。
Please don’t talk about it in front of the
children. 请不要当著孩子们谈论那事。
tell of／about
讲诉／谈及／告诉关于...信息
例：They told of his devotion to
duty. 他们谈到了他忠于职守。
The sailor told of his adventures on sea.
水手讲述他在海上的冒险。
He began to tell of the fighters’ heroic
exploits. 他开始讲述战士们的英雄事迹。
The witness was telling of the whole accident.
目击者正在讲述整个事故的过程。
The ruins told of the age of that civilization.
这片废墟表明了那个文明的悠久历史。
I’ll tell about your stealing the cakes.
我要把你偷蛋糕的事说出去。
She didn’t want to tell about bygone
days. 她不愿讲述往昔的事情。
He had learned how to tell about them.
他早已学会了如何评论她们。
Tell about one of beautiful Chinese
cities. 谈一下中国最美丽的城市之一。
think of 想起／考虑／认为→think
about 考虑／回想
例：What do you think of modern art?
你对现代艺术有何看法？
Just think of the amount of time wasted.
想一想多少时间被浪费了。
It was sweet and thoughtful of you to think of
it. 你们真好，为我想得那么周到。
I couldn’t think of the name of that man
anyhow. 我怎么也想不出那人的名字来了。
I’ve thought about it for some time.
这事我已考虑了相当时侯了。
Let me think about it and don’t rush me.
让我考虑考虑，不要催我。
A selfish person always thinks about himself.
一个自私的人总是想着自己。
She began to think about how she would do it.
她开始考虑这事应该怎么去做。
词尾of不可用about换用的短语动词——这类动词有：
1).admit of (容许有)
allow of (容许)
approve
of(赞成)
ask of (要求)
become of
(使遭遇)
beware of (当心)
brag of (吹嘘)
come of
(由…引起)
consist of
(由…构成)
admit of
容许有／有…的余地／有…的可能
例：The matter admits of no delay.
此事刻不容缓。
The regulations admit of no exception.
规章不容破例。
The price quoted will not admit of any
allowance. 所报价格不容打折扣。
A true scientific law admits of no exception.
真正的科学定律不允许有例外。
His problem did not really admit of any
solution. 他的问题真是没有解决的可能。
The word admits of no other meaning in the
case. 该词在此例中不可能有其他的意义。
allow of
容许／许可／容许有...的可能
例：The situation allows of no
delay. 形势不容拖延。
Such conduct allows of no
excuse. 这样的行为是不容辩解的。
The stream is too shallow to allow of boating.
这溪流太浅，不能行船。
The facts allow of only one explanation.
这些事实只能有一种解释。
These facts allow of many possible
interpretation. 这些事实允许有多种解释。
approve of
赞成／支持／同意／认可
例：I entirely approve of that
theory. 我完全赞成那种理论。
Personally, I don’t approve of her.
就我本人而言,我不喜欢她。
I presume you will approve of the
plan. 我相信你会赞成这个计划。
We all approve of the commission of authority to
him. 我们都赞成把职权委任於他。
We understand that you don’t approve of our
idea.
据我们了解,你不赞成我们的想法。
Her father will never approve of her marriage to
you. 她父亲永不会同意她和你结婚。
ask of 要求／期望／向(某人)请求或要求(某事或某物)
例：Now, I have a favor to ask of
you. 现在我有一事相求。
I ask of you to consider Atheism.
我倒是想劝你们考虑一下无神论。
There is just one last favor I need to ask of
you. 还有最后的一件事要你帮忙。
So, tonight there’s only one thing I ask of
you. 所以，今晚，我只想你做一件事。
Don’t just pay lip-service to what I ask of
you. 对于我要求你做的事，别只是口头敷衍。
become of
使遭遇／发生于／降临到
例：I do not know what has become of
him. 我不知道他的情况如何。
No one seemed to care what had become of her.
似乎没人关心她的遭遇。
What will become of your research subject?
你们的研究课题前景怎样?
What will become of us if the war breaks out?
如果战争爆发我们会怎样?
What has become of the old garden?
这座古老的花园变成什么样子了?
beware of
当心／注意／提防
例：Beware of him. He has two
faces. 要当心他，他这人心口不一。
You will beware of strong tea at
night. 你要注意晚上不喝浓茶。
He that steal honey shall beware of the sting.
偷蜜须防蜜蜂蜇。
The sign says: “Beware of pickpockets!”
牌子上写着：“提防扒手！”
Travelers must beware of fast traffic.
行人对快速行驶的车辆必须十分小心。
brag of 吹嘘／夸耀
例：He is bragging of his
achievements. 他在夸口说他的成就。
Some usually brag of what has done.
有的人非常喜欢吹嘘自己过去的成绩。
To brag of the good you have done
will never impress anyone. 善欲人见，不是真善。
Mr. White often brags of his late father who had
established the firm.
怀特先生常常夸耀他那创设这公司的已故父亲。
come of
由…引起／来自…
例：Nothing much came of it, I am
afraid. 恐怕没有多少结果吧。
His illness comes of drinking too much.
他的病是因为喝酒太多。
Nothing but trouble will come of this plan.
这个计划只能带来麻烦。
There is the danger that nothing may come of
it. 有得不到结果的危险。
But nothing further came of this movement.
但这一运动后来就没有产生更多效果了。
I don’t know if any good will come of your
actions. 我不知道你的行为会带来什么好结果。
consist of
由…构成／由…组成／包含
例：Flames consist of incandescent
gases. 火焰含有炽热的气体。
The beehives consist of numerous cells.
蜂巢是由无数的小窝所组成的。
Each group shall consist of not less than ten.
每个小组至少由十人组成。
Water is said to consist of oxygen and
hydrogen. 据说水由氢气和氧合成。
2).demand of
(要求) despair
of (对…绝望)
die of
(死于)
expect of(希望)
require of
suspect of
(怀疑有罪)
tire of (厌烦)
warn of
(警告)
demand of 要求／期待
例：She demanded of me to shut the gate at
once. 他要求我马上关上大门。
He demanded of me to start as soon as
possible.. 他要求我们尽快出发。
And it is something we must demand of
ourselves. 而这也是我们所必须具备的品质。
How much should people demand of their
governments? 国民对其政府应该要求多少呢?
We do not demand of you more than you can
compass. 我们不会要求你做你达不到的事。
All of us demand of him whether he had heard from her
recently.
我们大家都问他最近是否收到她的来信。
特别提示：demand多用作带of短语作后置定语的名词
例：He satisfies all demands of his
friends. 他对朋友有求必应。
Demand of
customer is motivation to
us! 顾客的需求就是我们的动力！
The product must meet the demand of the
market. 产品一定要满足市场的需求。
History makes harsh demands of us all.
历史向我们每个人都提出了严峻的要求。
despair of
对…失去希望／对…绝望／对…感到担心
例：I began to despair of my
future. 我开始对前途感到失望。
He despairs of winning a scholarship.
他已不抱赢得奖学金的希望了。
They have despair of arrive on time.
他们已经丧失了按时到达的信心。
I despair of ever seeing my daughter again.
再也见不到我女儿了，我很失望。
The son of his is the despair of all his
teachers. 他那儿子令所有的老师感到头痛。
die of
因…而死／死于【自身病患】；又义：…得要死／深以为苦【仅用进行时】
例：He died of a prolonged cold.
他死于久治不愈的感冒。
Nowadays many people die of cancer.
现在有很多人死于癌症。
I would like to die of natural causes.
我希望将来能无病无灾地寿终正寝。
Some of his children died of undernourishment.
他有几个孩子因营养不良而夭亡。
又：Oh, I’m dying of
laughing. 啊，笑死我啦!
He was dying of boredom in the isolated island.
他独处于孤岛之中感到乏味得要死。
He is dying of curiosity to see how much money in my
pocket.
他十分好奇地想知道我口袋里究竟有多少钱。
expect of希望／期待／期望(某人)会作出(某事)
例：This is what I expect of all of
you. 这就是我所希望于你们的。
His work comes up to what we expect of him.
他的工作符合我们的期望。
We will live up to what our parents expect of
us. 我们决不辜负父母亲对我们的期望。
That, my friends, is what the people expect of
us. 朋友们，这就是人民对我们寄予的期望。
require of 需要／要求…／对…要求——较常用于被动句。
例：You have done all the law requires of
you. 你做的这一切都是法律对你的要求。
I’ll do all that the Party and the people require of
me.
凡是党和人民所要求的，我一定做到。
We’ll do all that is required of us.
我们会把要求做的全部都做完。
He has done all that was required of him.
凡是需要他做的他都做了。
Physics is required of every student in our
school. 物理是我校每个学生的必修科目。
suspect of
相信或怀疑有罪／怀疑…犯有…罪
例：You suspected of drug
trafficking! 你涉嫌贩毒!
The boy is suspected of telling lies.
人们怀疑那男孩说谎。
He was suspected of employing trickery.
他有弄虚作假的嫌疑。
He is suspected of tampering in the plot.
别人怀疑他暗中参与这起阴谋。
They were suspected of underground activities.
他们被怀疑进行地下活动。
tire of
厌烦／厌倦／对…失去兴趣
例：I never tire of this view.
这景色我永远看不厌。
I never tire of reading classics.
我对古典名著百读不厌。
I never tire of reading Shakespeare.
我对莎士比亚的作品百读不厌。
I never tire of listening to classical music.
我对古典音乐百听不厌。
Sooner or later she may tire of eating fish.
她吃鱼早晚会吃腻的。
I’m sure she’ll soon tire of football.
我肯定她很快就会对足球感到厌倦的。
My sister nevertires of talking about her work.
我姐姐总是不厌其烦地谈论她的工作。
特别提示：be tired
of也表“厌倦”
例：We are tired of the interminable
waiting. 我们厌倦了无休止的等待。
Everyone is tired of their blatant
effronteries. 大家都厌恶他们粗俗。
I grew tired of waiting, and left.
我等得不耐烦了就走了。【此grow为半系词】
The electorate is growing tired of his
posturings. 选民对他的口是心非逐渐生厌。
warn of
警告／发出关于…的警告／把…预先告诉
例：The police are warning of possible
delays. 警方通知交通可能受阻。
The radio bulletin warned of the typhoon.
收音机新闻快报发布了台风警报。
User is warned of a possible virus.
警告用户可能有病毒。【被动句】
They had been warned of the danger.
曾有人告诉过他们有危险。
They were warned of the appreach of the enemy.
有人告诉他们，敌人来了。
（未完待续）
