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Clause, Subclause, Provision, Term & Article区别

2014-06-10 08:22阅读:7,131
在合同、法律、法规、规定和规程等文件中都有条款、规定之义,自该词创建以来形成的固定搭配,意义相近,但有区别,5个词的区别如下:

1、 Clause
名词词意有条款、句子和子句之意,做条款、规定解释时主要用于:Uses for clauses are a section of a legal document or legal binding document国家或部门的法律法规规程或合同的一级条款、具有法律约束力文件的条款。

eHow 网站解释为Grammarians define a clause as a part of a sentence containing a subject and a predicate. It is also a legal term. According to 'West's Encyclopedia of American Law,' a clause is a portion of a legal document that refers to a certain point or issue. A single contract, employment agreement, law or treaty can incorporate many clauses, each of which may be a section, a paragraph or even a phrase.
思是:语法学家定义”Clause”为包括主语和谓语句子的一个成分,同时也是一个法律术语,按照西方大百科全书之美国法”Clause”是引用特定的点或问题的法律文件的一部分。一个独立合同、雇用、协议、法律或条约包括很多条款,每一条款可以是一个章节、一个段落或甚至一句短语。

arbitration clause 仲裁条款,公断条款
exemption clause 免责条款,免究条款
law clause 法律条款
contract clause 合同条款
main clause 主要条款
penalty clause 罚款条款
soft clause 附条件条款,软条款
warehouse to warehouse clause 仓库至仓库条款
commerce clause 商业条款,贸易条款
insurance clause 保险条款
additional clause (单据或证件中的)附加条款
force majeure clause 不可抗力条款


2、 Subclause
只有名词词意,即:分条款、次条款、副条款之意;是上一级条款的下级条款。
Finance Party is not obliged to take any step under this Subclause if, in the opinion of that Finance Party (acting reasonably), to do so might be prejudicial to it.
如果按照出资方以其合理行为下的意见,出资方没有义务在此付条款下执行任何的有可能有损于它的步骤。

3、 Provision
名词词意有规定、条款、准备、供应品之意,做条款、规定解释时其法律效力等同于clause,是一般性要求,例如行业协会和国内组织、国际组织(FIDIC;ISO;FIFA;WHO;IOA;PMP etc.)等所出的出版物、章程。

eHow 网站解释为Legal professionals often use the word 'provision' to describe a clause. For instance, 'Nolo's Plain-English Law Dictionary' states that a 'grandfather clause' is a provision in a new law limiting enforcement to those who are new to the system. Since 'provision' refers to providing, and a clause provides for something, the terms are almost synonymous. However, they are not interchangeable. The legal term for a part of a document referring to a particular point is 'clause'.
意思是:法律专业人士常常使用'provision'词语来描述条款(a clause),例如:“Nolo全英文法律词典表述在一个强制执行的新法律的中,表示一个祖父级的条款就用'provision',因为'provision'指的是提供部分;条款(a clause)也提供了部分,两者几乎是同义的,虽然两者是不可相互替代。而对于一个特指文件的法律术语用'clause'

special provision 特别规定;专门条款
express provision 明示规定
general provision一般规定(FIDIC通用条件General Conditions1
additional provision 附加条款
supplementary provision 补充规定;追加拨款,增补拨款;追加备付款项

4、 Term
payment items付款条款,支付条款,付款条件
terms and conditions条款和条件,合同条款,费率表

5、 Article
名词词意有文章;物品;条款;冠词之意,做条款、规定解释时用于:Uses for an article of a formal agreement or document is a section of it that deals with a particular point. 正式协议、契约、或者包括部分处理特别指向文件的条款。
in articles 根据协议/契约当学徒,依雇用协议/契约工作着
article of association/ incorporation公司章程

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