孙子曰:凡用兵之法,驰车千驷,革车千乘,带甲十万,千里馈粮,则内外之费,宾客之用,胶漆之材,车甲之奉,日费千金,然后十万之师举矣。——《作战篇》
贾尔斯英译:Sun Zi said: In the operations of war, where there are in the field a thousand swift chariots, as many heavy chariots, and a hundred thousand mail-clad soldiers, with provisions enough to carry them a thousand li, the expenditure at home and at the front, including entertainment of guests, small items such as glue and paint, sums spent on chariots and armor, will reach the total of a thousand ounces of gold per day. Such is the cost of raising an army of 100,000 men.——waging war
西周时期,车兵已经代替步兵成为军队的主力兵种,车战也成了主要的作战形式。“驰车”即战车,比较轻便,便于作战中进行冲锋、追击;“革车”即辎重车,是保障车,装载武器装备、财物衣装等;“带甲”即甲士和步卒。《司马法》说:“一车,甲士三人,步卒七十二人,炊家子十人,固守衣装五人,厩养五人,樵汲五人,轻车七十五人,重车二十五人。”驰车、革车各一有百人,各千乘则有十万人。
按照当时兵农合一的军赋征集制度,这些兵车、士卒都要分摊到每个家庭头上,一次“十万之师”的战争,牵涉到百万家庭。《孟子·尽心》记载:“武王之伐殷也,革车三百乘,虎贲三千人。”商朝末、西周初战争规模尚小,动用的兵车和士卒有限,到了春秋战国时期,不仅争霸战争越来越频繁,而且规模也越来越大,上万、十万规模的作战比比皆是。长平之战中,光是赵国被坑杀的士卒就有四十多万,可以想象,双方参战的军队肯定在百万以上。
春秋战国时期,尽管战争的时间很短,几个小时、一天或几天就结束了,可能一场战斗也就决定
贾尔斯英译:Sun Zi said: In the operations of war, where there are in the field a thousand swift chariots, as many heavy chariots, and a hundred thousand mail-clad soldiers, with provisions enough to carry them a thousand li, the expenditure at home and at the front, including entertainment of guests, small items such as glue and paint, sums spent on chariots and armor, will reach the total of a thousand ounces of gold per day. Such is the cost of raising an army of 100,000 men.——waging war
西周时期,车兵已经代替步兵成为军队的主力兵种,车战也成了主要的作战形式。“驰车”即战车,比较轻便,便于作战中进行冲锋、追击;“革车”即辎重车,是保障车,装载武器装备、财物衣装等;“带甲”即甲士和步卒。《司马法》说:“一车,甲士三人,步卒七十二人,炊家子十人,固守衣装五人,厩养五人,樵汲五人,轻车七十五人,重车二十五人。”驰车、革车各一有百人,各千乘则有十万人。
按照当时兵农合一的军赋征集制度,这些兵车、士卒都要分摊到每个家庭头上,一次“十万之师”的战争,牵涉到百万家庭。《孟子·尽心》记载:“武王之伐殷也,革车三百乘,虎贲三千人。”商朝末、西周初战争规模尚小,动用的兵车和士卒有限,到了春秋战国时期,不仅争霸战争越来越频繁,而且规模也越来越大,上万、十万规模的作战比比皆是。长平之战中,光是赵国被坑杀的士卒就有四十多万,可以想象,双方参战的军队肯定在百万以上。
春秋战国时期,尽管战争的时间很短,几个小时、一天或几天就结束了,可能一场战斗也就决定
