潭溪山地质公园
2012-10-16 17:44阅读:
潭溪山地质公园位于山东鲁中腹地、泰沂山脉交汇之地,主要以潭溪山园区的构造单面山体地貌和断崖、飞瀑、清泉、溶洞、裂谷、奇石地貌为特征。地质景观是以构造作用为主,与自然侵蚀共同作用形成的特殊景观,是地貌类型中的新类型,具有极强的美学观赏价值。
潭溪山在“喜马拉雅造山运动”过程中,于寒武系—奥陶系石灰岩地层中形成了一系列台阶状长崖、深切障谷等地形组合的“潭溪”地貌,峡谷幽深,怪石林立,飞瀑清泉,洞穴奇特,对研究新构造运动和裂谷的演化具有重要意义。
潭溪山特殊的构造部位和地层岩性条件,使园区水体和水动力作用极为发育,形成的瀑布、溪、泉和潭面,构成一道美丽的风景线。潭溪山的地理位置和地形地貌,又使园内保存和生长了大批具有泰沂山脉特征的树种,又可称为山东野外植物标本库。
根据统计,目前已开发的各类自然景观共有9种100余处,有山峰30余座,陡崖10余处,峡谷中保留了大量的地质遗迹,其中较为重要的有系统独特的地层、岩石、矿物旅游资源,典型特征的地质构造旅游资源、险峻秀丽的构造剥蚀地旅游资源、奇异多样的溶洞旅游资源、得天独厚的生态旅游资源及历史悠久的人文旅游资源。
一、高门洞

海拔:800米
位于出露地层中奥陶系灰岩,形成年代距今5亿年。
该段地层为垂直裂隙发育,长期受水流冲蚀而致,洞顶形成石花、石笋等奇观,统称“喀斯特地貌”。洞高37米,最宽处7米,已探明深度400余米,有“齐鲁门高第一洞”之说。
High-Door Cave
Altitude: 800 meters
The Cave is located in the middle Ordovician limestone of
emergence stratums, and formed about 500 million years ago. The
stratum belongs to vertical fractures development, which was caused
by long-term water erosion. Wonderful sights, such as stone-flower
and stalagmite, can be found everywhere inside the cave,
collectively called Karst landform. The cave is 37 meters high by 7
meters at its widest point, and its proven depth is more than 400
meters. It is said to be The Cave with the Highest Door in
Shandong.
二、火成岩侵入带

海拔:850米
火成岩或称岩浆岩,地壳里喷出的岩浆冷却成形的一种岩石。火成岩侵入带是地壳运动时期,大面积岩浆从地心向上涌出,侵入其他岩石层中,冷却后形成的带状岩石,有不透水的特性,其上部多有泉水生成。火成岩年代较其周边石灰岩石至少晚1亿年左右。
The Igneous Rock Invaded Zone
Altitude: 850 meters
The igneous rock, or the magmatic rock, is formed after the
cooling of the magma erupted from the earth’s crust. During the
period of crustal movement, large areas of magma gushed from the
geocentric and intruded into other lithospheres. The Igneous Rock
Invaded Zone is the banded rocks formed after the cooling of the
magma. The rocks are impervious, usually with spring water above
them. The igneous rocks were formed at least 100 million years
later than the surrounding limestone.
三、下天桥

海拔:780米
位于出露地层中奥陶系灰岩,生成年代距今约5亿年。岩体周围垂直裂隙发育,常年经风蚀、流水等外力原因崩塌而成,据其形状命名“天桥”,是自然界难得一见之奇观。桥面据岩壁底部,内高50余米,外高70余米。与对面山顶另一处“天生石桥”合成“上下天桥”,“天桥仙境”为“古青州八景”之一。
The Lower Overbridge
Altitude: 760 meters
The Lower Overbridge is located in the middle Ordovician
limestone of emergence stratums, formed about 500 million years
ago. The surrounding rocks belong to vertical fractures
development, which were formed by the collapse caused by perennial
wind erosion, running water and other external forces. It got the
name Overbridge from its shape, and it is a rare wonder in the
nature. The bridge is more than 50 meters high near the mountain
side and 70 meters outside from the bottom rock. It and the other
Natural Stonebridge are collectively known as The Upper and Lower
Overbridges. The Overbridge Wonderland is one of The Eight Scenes
of the Ancient Qingzhou.
四、昭阳洞
海拔:790米
为岩溶洞穴代表遗迹,位于出露地层中奥陶系灰岩,形成年代距今5亿年。
该段地层为垂直裂隙发育,长期受水流冲蚀而致,洞内遍布石花、石笋等,此洞已探明长度800余米,洞口开阔,分上下2层,其命名与民间传说“昭阳太子寓居于此”有关,现洞口崖壁留有明清时代石碑记文。
The Zhaoyang Cave
Altitude:790 meters
The Zhaoyang Cave is the representative site of karst caves,
located in the middle Ordovician limestone of emergence stratums
and formed about 500 million years ago.
The stratum belongs to vertical fractures development, which was
caused by long-term water erosion. Wonderful sights, such as
stone-flower and stalagmite, can be found everywhere inside the
cave. The cave has a proven depth of more than 800 meters. The cave
has two layers inside, and the entrance is in open space. Its name
is related to the folklore The Crown Prince Zhaoyang Once Lived
Here. There are texts engraved on rocks at the entrance, which were
remains of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
五、甘露泉

海拔:770米
泉眼位于中奥陶系厚层状灰岩中,上侧为含水性较好的闪长玢岩,底层为不透水岩浆岩,当上层水流汇至岩浆岩层面后受阻,溢出岩体形成泉水,地质学称为“典型性接触下降泉”。水质偏碱性,富含锶、镁、钙等对人体有益的微量元素,此泉四季长流,水量涝不增、旱不减。其命名与古资料记载泉侧曾建有“甘露寺”有关。
The Sweet Dew Spring
Altitude:770 meters
The mouth of the spring is located in the middle Ordovician
thick-bedded limestone, the upper layer is the dioritic porphyrite
with better aquosity, and the under layer is the impervious
magmatic rock. When the upper water flows to the magmatic rocks, it
will be hindered, then overflows through the rock cracks, and
finally becomes spring water. It’s called Typicality Contact
Gravity Springs in geology. The water quality is slightly Alkaline,
rich in strontium, magnesium, calcium and other trace elements
beneficial to human body. The spring flows perennially and the
water never increases in waterlogging seasons nor decreases in
drought seasons. It got the name because ancient materials recorded
that a Sweet Dew Temple once was built near the side of the
spring.
六、生命之源

海拔:790米
成因:岩体周围垂直裂隙发育,后常年经风蚀、流水等外力作用崩塌而成,“生命之源”的命名与南线景观“生命之根”对应,印映自然界的阴阳之说。
The Source of Life
Altitude: 790 meters
The rocks surrounding developed in vertical fracture, and then
collapsed by perennial wind erosion, running water and other
external forces. The name The Source of Life corresponds to the
scenery The Root of Life on the south line, which reflects the Yin
and Yang in the nature.
七、饮虎泉

海拔:750米
泉眼位于中奥陶系厚层状灰岩中,上侧为含水性较好的闪长玢岩,底层为不透水岩浆岩,当上层水流汇至岩浆岩层面后受阻,溢出岩体形成泉水,地质学称为“典型性接触下降泉”。水质偏碱性,富含锶、镁、钙等对人体有益的微量元素。传说此泉常有一只黑虎前来饮用,故取名“饮虎泉”。
The Drinking Tiger Spring
Altitude:750 meters
The spring is located in the middle Ordovician thick-bedded
limestone, the upper layer is the dioritic porphyrite with better
aquosity, and the under layer is the impervious magmatic rock. When
the upper water flows to the magmatic rocks, it will be hindered,
then overflows through the rock cracks, and finally becomes spring
water. It’s called “Typicality Contact Gravity Springs” in geology.
The water quality is slightly Alkaline, rich in strontium,
magnesium, calcium and other trace elements beneficial to human
body. It’s named after a legend that a black tiger used to drink in
the spring.
八、三教祠洞穴

海拔:800米
洞穴岩体周围垂直裂隙发育,因崩塌而成切面,上层岩石结构完整坚固,其下层岩石常年经风蚀、流水等外力将其掏空形成洞穴,古人利用其地形建立“三教祠”,供奉佛道儒仙圣。此种洞穴学名称之为“窟”,当地俗名“薄嵌”、“哈巴嵌”。
Three-Religions-Shrine Cave
Altitude:800 smeters
The surrounding rock mass of the cave have developed in vertical
fracture and scarp slope was formed by collapse. The upper rock has
complete and solid structure, and the next layer rock was hollowed
by perennial external forces such as wind erosion and running
water. The ancient people took advantage of the terrain to built
The Three Religions Shrine.(It combines three traditional Chinese
religions: Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism.) The scientific name
of such caves is grotto and the local name is baoqian or
habaqian, which mean shallow cave on the
cliff.
九、美女洞

海拔:810米
为高山溶洞的代表,形成年代距今5亿年以上。
根据形状和岩壁纹理,以及洞顶留有水流冲击形成的“石锅”、“石葡萄”等遗迹判断,洞穴成因:常年经流水冲刷形成。根据地质岩层断定,5亿年前此洞位于海平面以下,地壳运动时期,随造山运动抬升露出地面,是“沧海桑田”变迁的直接见证。洞内有地质沉积层一处,发现含有10万年前野猪、上亿年前软体动物等多种物种化石。
Pretty-Lady Cave
Altitude: 810 meters
The Cave is the representative of mountain karst cave, formed
more than 500 million years ago.
Judged by the cave shape, the texture on the palisades and the
relics such as the “stone pot” and “stone grapes” on the ceiling of
the cave, the cave is formed by perennial water erosion. According
to the geological strata, the cave was under the sea level 500
million years ago. It came out of the ground with the orogenic
movement and witnessed directly “the sea has changed into a
mulberry orchard”. There is a neurotransmitter sedimentary in the
cave, among which many species fossils were found, such as the wild
boars 100 000 years ago and