第二周语法作业(被动语态） 陈新
2009-12-22 15:16阅读：
第二周语法作业
part1 summaries
The passive is formed with the verb to be (is/was/have been etc.)
and the past participle (done/cleaned/seen etc.):
When we say what a person or thing does, we use an active
verb:
When we say what happens to a person or thing – what is done to
them – we use a passive verb:
Some verbs cannot have passive forms. Intransitive verbs , such as
sleep, die, fall, or arrive, which do not take an object, do not
have a passive form.
Also, stative verbs are not usually used in the passive.
We all have university degrees (
NOT University degrees are had by us all)
I see what you mean (NOT What you mean is seen by
me)
Many learners confuse active and passive verb forms because, as
Swan points out in Practical English Usage (OUP; 1997) :
And 'past participles are used to make both passive verb forms and
active perfect tenses.'
2Chosen exercises
1.It is said that he was a brilliant scientist.
He is said to have been a brilliant scientist.
2. 首先一定要保证质量。
Quality must be guaranteed first.
这个句子的主语是物，动词用的是一般现在时来表示句子的被动意义。
3.Grandfather has got into the habit of sitting looking at this
view all day long.
Grandfather should sit at this view all day
long.
4.It is essential that he_____(have) all the facts.
答案：have
5.It is absolutely essential that all the facts _____(examine)
first.
答案：be examined
6.翻译句子 估计总统即将发表声明。
It is expected that the President will make an announcement. /The
President is expected to make an announcement
7.必须指出台湾问题是中国的内政。
It must be pointed out that Taiwan problems is China’s internal
affairs
8.____Be____(be)that as it may our expenditure is bound to
increse
so be it share the same meaning it may be so which denote
partly inversion in the subjunctive mood
9. 现在广播里正在教唱新歌。
Now a new song is being taught on the broad.
10.The rebellion was put down, and the army declared martial
law(戒严令)。
The rebellion was put down, and martial law was declared. / The
army put down the rebellion and declared martial law.
3.TEM—4
1. Although ______ Spanish, he attended the course.1. C)
【句意】虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程的学习。
【难点】know是静态动词，不能用于进行时；选knows从句中又缺少主语。knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但作“了解”讲时，前面可加“a”，常用于词组have
a knowledge of中，所以选C)。
A. he was knowing B. he is
knowing
C. having a knowledge of D. knows
2. You ______that letter to James. However, you didn’t.2. B)
【句意】你本应该给詹姆斯写信，然而，你没写。
【难点】ought to have written是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。
A. ought to write
B. ought to have written
C. should write D. should be writing
3. Joseph was very lucky ______ with his life; he almost did not
get out of the room.
3. B) 【句意】约瑟夫幸运地逃了性命；他险些没从房间里逃出来。
【难点】to have escaped 是不定式的完成式，表示过去的某一动作业已完成。
A. to escape B. to have escaped
C. to escaping D. to be escaping
4. Bread and butter ______liked by Westerners.4. A)
【句意】黄油面包受西方人青睐。
【难点】bread and butter
是西方人吃的一种食品，虽然有三个字，表达的却是一个东西，并且是不可数名词，作单数。
A. is B. are
C. were D.
be
5. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ______5. A)
【句意】我家的后花园有一片草坪，夏天坐在上面会令你心旷神怡。
【难点】which引出非限制性定语从句，在句中作主语，且和sit on 构成动宾关系。类似的句子有：This room is
comfortable to live in 这句中live in 和this room构成动宾关系。
very pleasant to sit on in summer.
A. which is B. which it is C. it is D.
where it is
6. He set up in business ______ his own and was very
successful.6. C) 【句意】他独自一人开始经商，并且做得很成功。
【难点】on one’s own 是个常用的介词词组，意为“独自”；of one’s own表示“某人自己的(东西)”，如：I
have a flat of my own.我自己有套房子。
A. in B. of C. on D.
by
7. John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he
______last night.
7. C) 【句意】约翰的考试分数全班最高；他
昨天晚上一定学习了。
【难点】表示对过去某一动作行为的猜测须要用must have done这一句型结构
A. must study B. should have studied
C. must have studied D. is sure to study
8. Frank almost never received any education, ______?8. B)
【句意】弗兰克几乎从未受过任何教育，是不是?
【难点】这是一句含有否定副词never的一般过去时的句子，由于主句为
否定形式，所以反意问句用肯定形式。
A. would he B. did he
C. didn’t he D. wouldn’t he
9. Even if his letter ______ tomorrow, it ______
too late to do anything.9. C) 【句意】即使他的信明天到也无济于事了。
【难点】在条件句中表示现在将来的时间，需要用一般现在时，主句中使
用将来时。
A. will arrive...is B. should
arrive...were
C. arrives...will be D. arrives...would
be
10. We can hear ______from the back of the room.10. C)
【句意】我们在房间的后面也能听得很清楚。
【难点】as well意为“(程度)同样地好”，是副词短语修饰动词hear；just表示程度，意为“刚好”。
A. just as good B. just as easy
C. just as well D. easily as well
4小结
感觉被动语态已经学了很多年了，每一次深入的学习都能加深对它的了解。
