状语从句省略大全
2010-06-20 21:17阅读：
谈状语从句的省略在高考中的应用
状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：
When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the
public next year .
He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is )
possible..
就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行'简化'。状语从句的'简化'现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。
一．时间状语从句的省略。
这类从句主要由when，while，as soon as，once，before,
until, as等引导。例如：
1. When /As (he was) still a boy of ten, he started working to
support himself
2. When/While (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.
5. As/when (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help
others.
3. As /while/when (she was) walking along the river bank, she was
singing a pop song.
2. Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.
3. We all have the old house pulled down when (it is)
necessary.
4. He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework
6. Don’t leave the machine
until (you are) told to.
7. I’ll let you know as soon as (it is) arranged.
8．He kept silent when (he was) asked why he was late.
10. Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.
11. He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the
USA.
12. While walking alone in the street, my name was
called(错误句)
应改为：While walking alone the street，I heard my name
called.
13. I’m sure all will go well as________.
A. being planned B. planned C.
having planned D. planning
14. If you go to Britain, you’ll find the streets there less
beautiful than commonly _______.
A. Supposing B. supposed C. to suppose
D. suppose
15. The eighteen-storied building, when ____, will shut out the sun
lighting up the rooms in my house.
A. completed B. to be completed C.
completing D. have completed
16. The teacher asks us not to stand up until _____ in the English
class.
A. told B. being told C. told to D. having told
17. Unless _____ to speak, you should remain silent at the
conference.
A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
18．When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great
success.
A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce
D. being introduced
19. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the
meeting by my boss.
A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be
questioned
但要注意，before和after虽然也可以用作连词引导时间状语从句，却不能用于这类省略主语和be的结构。例如：
The plan should be discussed once again before it is carried
out.
上句不能改为：The plan should be discussed once again before carried
out.
但可以改为：The plan should be discussed once again before being
carried out. (句中before不是连词而是介词，后面的being carried
out是V-ing形式短语作介词的宾语，整个句子是简单句，而不是复合句。
再如：After being killed, he was thrown away into the river.
当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如:
When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the
meeting-room.当会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。(=The meeting (being) over, all the
people went out of the meeting-room.)
再如：The work (having been) done, she left the office.
二．地点状语从句中的省略。主要由where, wherever引导。例如：
1. He is always ready to help others wherever (he is) needed.
2. You can add some words to your composition where (it is)
necessary.
3. When I was at your age my father told me that I should go and
work wherever ____ most.
A. needed me B. needed C. I wanted D. asked
三． 条件状语从句的省略。主要由if，unless, once引导。例如：
1. She won't go to his birthday party unless (she is)
invited.
2. You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to
you
3. The news is quite important to us, if (it is) true.
4. If (it is) necessary, ring me at home.
5. He will come if (he is) asked.
6. If (he was)given more attention to, The boy could have turned
out better.
7. Once (it was) published, his work became famous for the absence
of rhyme at the end of each line.
8. It is well known that the horse will run faster if _____.
A. is whipped B. whipping C. it is D. whipped
有些由if构成的省略结构，已属固定短语，如if any, if necessary, if possible, if not, if
so等：
There are few, if any, mistakes in that book. 那本书就是有错误也不多。
If necessary, ring me at home. 如果必要，可以打电话到我家找我。
If possible, I wish to go there next summer. 如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。
He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?
他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要是不忙，我现在可以见他吗?
但若if引导的是表示假设的虚拟条件句，虽具备条件，可不能用于这类省略。这时如果if从句的谓语动词中含有were，had，should，则可以用倒装省略，即将were，had或should提到句首，而将连词if省略。例如：
Were it not for you, I would also go there with them.
Had you come here earlier, you would have met him.
Should it be fine tomorrow, we would go for an outing.
四． 让步状语从句的省略。主要由though，although，however，whatever，even if，even
though，no matter how/what引导。例如：
1. Though (he had been) defeated many times, he didn't lose
heart.
2. He worked very hard, though (he was) still rather weak.
3. Although (it was) built 100 years ago, the bridge is very
strong. 虽然建于100年前，但这桥还是很牢固
4. Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has
still got no good marks
5. Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous
director.尽管他曾是个农民,而现在是位著名的导演了
6. This problem, however difficult, should be solved on time.
7. He wouldn't solve the problem even if (he were) to take
charge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。
Though _____ money, his parents managed to send him to
university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
_____told to stop, the excited children kept on talking in class,
so I got angry.
A. As B. When C. While
D. Though
与if引导的虚拟条件从句不能用这类省略一样，as引导的让步状语从句同样不能省略。不过如果让步状语从句由as引导时，从句中的表语（一般是形容词或名
词）或状语必须提前到as前,此时也可用though构成倒装，但不可用although构成倒装。如果作表语的是单数可数名词，则还须省略不定冠词。例如：
Poor as he was, he was honest. //
Hard as he tried, he still failed.
Much as I like her, I won't marry her. // Try as he
might, he could not find a job.
Child as he is, he can express himself in good English.
五．比较状语从句的省略。主要由as，than引导。例如：
1. In winter it is much colder in Beijing than (it is) in
Shanghai.
2. The project was completed earlier than (it was) expected./ The
concert was a great success than (it was) expected.
3. Mary is not so shy as (she was) a year ago when I first met
her.
4. The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is
)
5．Friendship is like money: easier made than _____
A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D. being kept
六．方式状语从句的省略。主要由as，as if, as though引导。例如：
1. English is not so difficult to learn, as (it is) generally
supposed.
2．It usually happens as (it is) described above.
3．The old man sat at the corner alone, as if (he was) thinking of
something.
4．He glanced about as if (he was) in search of something
5. He cleared his throat as if (he was) to say something
6. He stood up as if (he were) to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。
7. She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble
8. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____
whether he was going in the right direction.
A. to see B. seeing C. seen D. saw
综上所述，不难发现：这些省略形式的状语从句大都以'从属连词+名词、形容词，介词短语、不定式短语、现在分词或过去分词）'构成的。省略后的句子不仅意思清楚，不会引起误解，而且结构紧凑，语言简练流畅，读起来明快生动。
链接其他省略
1. --- You should have thanked her before you left.
--- I meant ________, but when I was leaving I couldn't
find her anywhere.
A. to do B. to C. doing
D. doing it
2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother
told him ________.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it
D. do not to
3. --- I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking
after my cat?
---Not at all. ________.
A. I've no time
B. I'd rather not
C. I'd like it
D. I'd be happy
to
.4.---are you a sailer?
----No, but I
.
A. am not B used to C.used to be
D. used to being
5. -----Why didn’t you take part in my birthday party
yesterday?
-------I , but I had an
unexpected guest.
A. would like to B would like to
have
C should C wouldn’t
like to
6.---What do you think made Mary so upset?
---________her new bicycle.
A. As she lost B. Lost C.
Losing D. Because of losing
7. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow,
and________.
A. the other is white B. another white
C. the other white D.
another is white
8. --- Would you like some wine?
--- Yes, just ________.
A. little B. very little
C. a little D. a few
9.--- Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?
--- ________.
A. I don't believe B. I don't
believe it
C. I believe not so D. I believe not
10. ----The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?
-----______________.
A. I guess not so B. I didn’t
guess
C. I don’t guess so D. I guess not
