德国葡萄酒分级指南(一)
2013-12-29 21:19阅读:
VDP.CLASSIFICATION – BACKGROUND
VDP分级-背景
WINE LAW OF 1971 1971年酒法
德国葡萄酒栽培历史悠久,成绩斐然。自1971年酒法颁布后,其繁杂的命名不仅弄晕了大多数葡萄酒爱好者,也使得人们很难辨识葡萄酒的真实品质。
1971年酒法规定,来自德国法定产区任一酒庄的葡萄酒都可标记为quality
wines-优质葡萄酒。人们对上千家酒园进行了合并(其数量由30000缩减至3000),合并后成立的新酒园包含了原来的酒园,然后冠以本地区最著名的葡萄园名。除了顶级葡萄酒外,其他各等级的葡萄酒也可以标注出产酒园。
r> Germany has a long and successful
viticultural tradition. The German wine law of 1971 created
an enormous number of designations that not only
confuse the majority of wine lovers, but also make it
very difficult to identify/recognize which wines truly offer
exceptional quality.
The 1971 wine law enables quality wines to
be produced from any vineyard site within the German wine-growing
regions. Thousands of vineyards have been consolidated (from ca.
30,000 to ca. 3000) and often named after the
best-known site now within the borders of the newly created
site. Vineyard names that had been traditionally
associated with high quality wines can now be used for wines
of all qualities.
葡萄酒法包含两种类型的葡萄园:Einzellage
(独立葡萄园)和Grosslage
(大型葡萄园,即由多个单一园合并而成,也包括由多个葡萄酒村庄组成的超大葡萄园)。单从标签上,我们很难分辨出这瓶酒的来历:它到底是产于拥有独特风格的单一葡萄园,还是产于大型集体葡萄园?对此我们不得而知。
曾与优质酒密切相连的传统术语现在也失去了其意义。术语“natur”或“natural”
(天然)被禁止使用。同时,酒法引进了一种新的优质酒分类(QbA-法定产区葡萄酒),并规定这一级别的葡萄酒是可以加糖的。
市面上Prädikat
酒的数量急剧增加,因为此时 Prädikat 酒的认证只需取决于其葡萄汁重量。
The wine law established two types of vineyard sites:
Einzellage (individual site) and Grosslage(collective
vineyard site, i.e. made up of several individual sites – often
including vineyards of many wine villages). There is
no indication on the label as to whether a wine originates from an
individual site that imparts site-specific
characteristics (reflects its terroir) or from a collective
site.
Traditional terms associated with wine quality have lost
their significance. The use of the term “natur” or
“natural” (not chaptalized) was forbidden. A quality wine
category (QbA) was introduced and wines of this
category can be chaptalized.
The overall volume of Prädikat wines on the market has been
greatly inflated, because qualification for a Prädikat
now depends exclusively on must weight.
过去代表了优质酒的传统术语“Cabinet”现在为最简单和初级的Prädikat
酒—Kabinett所取代。
从此酒的品质分级和风格(风味)之间没有任何关联。
新的酿酒技术(例如糖度保留)让酿酒师在生产酒时随意的控制残留糖,而从前葡萄酒中的残余糖分都是靠自然发酵而成的。很长一段时间以来,人们很难在市场上买到真正的优质干型葡萄酒。
The traditional term “Cabinet” that once denoted
particularly fine wines now denotes the simplest of the
Prädikat wines, Kabinett. There is no correlation between a
quality category and style (taste profile).
New methods of cellar technology (e.g. the use of sweet
reserve) enable winemakers to produce wines with
residual sweetness at will, whereby this style was formerly
achieved naturally.
For quite a period of time, it was difficult to find
high-quality dry wines on the market.