初二英语下册Unit4(上海牛津版）广州最新版教材Unit 4 Cartoons and comic&
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初二下英语（广州最新教材）
Unit 4 Cartoons and comic
strips
一、课文再现
二、重点知识
三、知识详解
四、语法讲解
一、课文再现
How to make a
cartoon
First, you need to decide
on some basic ideas for a story.
This story is about a robot, Han.
He always forgets things.
One day, Han meets his friends Sarah and Tim
at the underground station. He says,
“I’m happy.I bought a new notebook. Now I won’t forget
things.”
Sarah says, “Yes, I have one too. Here it
is.”
Tim asks, “Where’s yours, Han?”
Han says, “Oh, no! I forgot to bring
it!”
In the second stage, think about the kinds of
characters you want and what they will look
like.
Han is a tall robot. He has square eyes. They are
actually video cameras. Tim wears
glasses, so he looks clever. Sarah is a pleasant girl. She has
straight, black hair.
Now make a rough sketch of the
story.
Next, use a computer to draw detailed pictures and
add colour. To make the characters and
things appear to move, each picture
should be made a little different from
the one before it.
In the next stage, a computer program is used to put the pictures together as a
film.
Finally, record the voices and sound effects. The actors will do the characters’
voices. Their speech must match the pictures. Sound effects, like
the noise of the underground, must also be added separately
.
After everything has been checked, the cartoon
is ready to be played for everyone to
enjoy.
二、重点知识
Words
cartoon n.
动画片；卡通片
warning
n. 警告；警示
role-play
v. 角色扮演
symbol
n. 符号
*bubble
n. 泡；气泡
thought
n. 心思；思想
*rough
adj. 粗略的
*sketch
n. 速写；概述
program
n. 程序
record
v.
录制；录（音）
*effect
n. 效果
basic adj.
基本的；基础的
stage
n. 段；步；步骤
pleasant
adj. 友好和善的；文雅的
*detailed
adj. 详细的；细致的
appear
v.
显得；看来；似乎
actor
n.
演员
match
v.
与……相配
separately adv.
单独地；分别地
play
v.
播放
score v.
得分
team
n.队
star
n.明星，体坛高手
mystery n.
神秘
island n.
岛
storm n.
暴风雨
jacket n.
夹克衫；短上衣
wave n.
海浪；波浪；波涛
phrases:
comic strip
连环漫画
pop out
（眼睛）（因激动惊奇）睁大；瞪起
decide on
决定；选定
video camera
摄像机
play against
同......比赛
weather forecast
天气预报
life jacket
救生衣
thank goodness
谢天谢地
make it
获得成功
Synonyms:
thought=mind; idea
basic = the most necessary
(part)
stage = a separate part
pleasant = friendly and polite
appear = seem
separately = not together
star = a famous and excellent singer, performer,
sports player, etc.
decide on = choose
make it = be successful
三、知识详解
知识点讲解与拓展：
1.
character：n. 人物、角色
Yue Fei is a great historical
character.
2.
think of 考虑、思考
I’m thinking of going to Paris for
vacation.
拓展：think of：想起、记起 I can’t think of
his name.
think
of：对……有某种看法，常用于“What do you think of…”句型中 What do you think
of the book？
3.
add… to…& add to
add…
to…
|
把……加到……上
|
Please add some salt to
the water.
|
add
to
|
添加，增添（欢乐、困难等抽象名词）
|
Do you have anything to
add to the list?
|
4.
record v. 录音
I’ve recorded the whole
concert.
拓展：record n. 记录 set the record创造记录
break the record打破记录 hold the
record保持记录
5.
decide on 决定、选定
What made you decide on Plan A?
6.
basic adj. 基础的，基本的
拓展：base— basis (n.)基础— basic (adj.)基本的— basically
(adv,)基本上
7.
Here it is.
以here和there开头的句子，若后面的主语为人称代词，主谓不倒装；若后面的主语为名词，主谓倒装。
Here you are. 给你。
Here comes the bus.
公共汽车来了。
8.
forget v. 忘记
forget to
do
|
忘记要做某事（动作没发生）
|
I forget to turn off the
light.
|
forget
doing
|
忘记做过某事（动作已发生）
|
I forget opening the
door.
|
9.
look like 看上去像
Tom looks like his father.
拓展：提问长相： What do/ dose sb. look
like?
提问性格： What is
sb. like?
10. appear v.
显得，看来，似乎
A woman suddenly appeared in the
doorway.
拓展：appear （to be）+ adj./ n.
She appears (to be) happy at the news.
appear to do
sth. You appear to travel
quite a lot.
11. a little& a
bit
1)
两者都可以作副词用，用来修饰形容词（原级或比较级），或动词。
I’m a little/ bit
hungry.
2) 用作形容词做定语时，a little修饰不可数名词，而a
bit后面加of再加不可数名词。
There’s a little water.= There’s a
bit of water.
12. be ready to do sth.
已完成某事，准备好做某事
The contract will be ready to sign in two
weeks.
拓展：be/ get ready for sth. 为……做好准备 Are you
ready for your teast?
13. as well as
并且，还。用来连接并列成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一主语保持一致。
She is clever as well as
beautiful.
14. how to do 疑问词+ to
do
I don’t know how to do it.
拓展：what to do做什么 where to go去哪里
why to do为什么做
15. Don’t+
动词原形.
否定祈使句，意为“不要……，禁止……” Don’t play jokes
on me, will you?
16. the same as…
和……一样
The twins look the same as each
other.
拓展：be different from 与……不同
London was different from most European
capitals.
17. look
连系动词，意为“看起来，看上去”，厚街形容词作表语。
Alice looks happy today.
拓展：连系动词还有：:be(是), look(看起来), feel(摸上去), seem(似乎是),
appear(似乎、显得), prove(证明是), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来),
sound(听起来)等
18. Let sb. do sth.
让某人做某事
在let引导的祈使句中，sb可以是名词，也可以说代词的宾格。 Let him
go.
let是使役动词，常用的使役动词还有：make，have，leave等。 They made me
repeat the story.
19. a pair of+ 不可数名词/ 可数名词的复数
a pair of
shoes
20. look out= pay attention
to 当心、注意
Look out！There is a car coming！
拓展：look out of… 向外看……
She stopped writing and looked out of the
window.
21. pick up
捡起，拾起
She pick up a flower on the
road.
拓展：pick up sth. 捡起某物，当sth.是人称代词的宾格时，放在pick之后，如：pick
it up。当sth.是名词时，可以放在pick up中间或up之后，如：pick the pen up= pick up the
pen。
22. in trouble
在困境中
He’s in trouble, let’s help
him.
拓展：与trouble相关的短语：get into trouble惹上麻烦
have trouble（in）doing
sth.做某事有困难
23. success n.
成功
I wish you success with your
studies.
拓展：succeed v. 成功。succeed in doing
sth.
successful
adj. 成功的。 His business is
successful.
24. tell sb sth. 告诉某人某事
He told me the
reason.
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 The
teacher told him to clean the classroom.
tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不做某事
He told us not to buy clothes in this
store.
25. laugh at
嘲笑
Don’t laugh at him, please.
练习：
1. What do you _____
your hometown? It is
very beautiful. I love it
very much.
A.look at
B.talk about
C.think of
D.think over
2. When I was in
the supermarke, I forgot _____
money with me.
A.to take
B.to taking
C.taking
D.bringing
3. Could you give me
some advice? I don’t know
______. Why don’t you wear
this red shirt?
A.when to wear
B.what to wear
C.how to wear
D.where to wear
4. Most of my classmates
don’t like to talk to
teir parents, but I am
____ them.
A.different from
B.surprised at
C.the same as
D.proud
of
5. Where’s your ticket?
Show _______ , please.
A.me it
B.it me C.me to
it D.it to me
6. --Tom, ______ read
books while you are walking
in the street. It’s very
dangerous. --OK, thank you.
A.don’t B.doesn’t
C.won’t D.can’t
7. He ________ a piece
of waste paper, and put
it into the rubbish bag.
A.picked up
B.threw away
C.looked for D.handed
in
8. I’t sure our football
team will ______ this
match.We’re the best.
A.win B.fail
C.lose D.beat
9. Our teacher often
tells us ______ in the
river. It’s dangerous.
A.don’t swim
B.not swim
C.not to swim
D.not swimming
10. Thanks to the
Internet, different kinds of
information ______ in a short
time.
A.can be learned
B.has been learned
C.can learn
D.has learned
四、语法讲解
语法——被动语态（2）
一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。
二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换
主动语态
We Visited
that factory last
summer
主语 谓语 宾语
状语
被动语态
That factory was
visited by us last
summer
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比
时态
|
主动语态
|
被动语态
|
一般现在时
am / is / are + P.P.
|
（1）Do they speak French
?
（2）They don’t use the room
.
|
Is French spoken by them
?
The room isn’t used by them
.
|
一般过去时
was / were + p.p.
|
（1）The hunter killed a
tiger .
（2）He wrote many stories last year
.
|
A tiger was killed by
the hunter .
Many stories was written by him last year
.
|
现在进行时
am / is / are +being +p.p.
|
（1）These workers are
building a new bridge .
（2）He is mending his car .
|
A new bridge is being
built by these workers .
His car is being mended by him
.
|
过去进行时
was / were + being + p.p.
|
（1）He was selling books
.
（2）They were discussing the plan at that time
.
|
Books were being built
by him .
The plan was being discussed by them at that time
.
|
现在完成时
have / has + been + p. p.
|
（1）She has learned many
English words .
（2）He has finished the work
.
|
Many English words have
been learned by her .
The work has been finished by him
.
|
过去完成时
had + been + p.p.
|
（1）They has solved the
problem .
（2）We had told him the news by then
.
|
The problem had been
solved by them .
The news had been told to him by us
.
|
一般将来时
shall / will be + p.p.
|
（1）I shall make a plan
.
（2）They are going to fix the radio in an hour
.
|
A plan will be made by
me .
The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour
.
|
过去将来时
would be + p.p.
was/ were going to be +
p.p.
|
（1）He told me they would
paint the room .
（2）They were going to put on a play the next week
.
|
He told me the room
would be painted by them .
A play was going to be put by them the next week
.
|
情态动词
can / may / must / should
+ be + p.p.
|
（1）We should hand in our
homework .
（2）You must answer the question in English
.
|
Our homework should be
handed in by us .
The question must be answered in English by you
.
|
四. 如何正确使用被动语态
1.
有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。
eg. He often tells us interesting
stories . （主动语态）
▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend ,
pass等。
2.
在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。
eg. I often hear her sing this popular
song . （主动语态）
She is often heard to sing this
popular song .（被动语态）
▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel
, notice等。
3. 有些“be
+过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”
4. 只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。
五、不能用被动语态的情况
1.
不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：appear，rise，die，happen，break out，take
place等
2.
表状态动词不能用于被动语态，如：hold，have，cost，contain，become，look
like等
3.
某些动词的进行时可表示被动，如：The meat is cooking. 肉正在煮着。
4.
主动形式表示被动意义。
1)
某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义，如：look，smell，taste，feel，prove，wear，sound等。
eg：Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.
2)
动名词的主动形式表被动语态，如：want，deserve，need，require，take，worth等。
The book is worth reading.
这本书值得读。
The children need looking after.
孩子们需要照顾。
3)
某些做表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表被动意义。
The conversation is hard to understand.
这个对话很难理解。
The fish is not easy to fish.
鱼不容易上钩。
The passage is difficult to read.
这段文章很难读懂。
练习：
1. The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a
lot since it _________.
A. invents
B. invented
C. is invented
D. was invented
2. This listening material, together with its
CD-ROMs, _________well.
A. sells
B. sell
C. is sold
D. are
sold
3. The sports meeting _________next
month.
A. will hold
B. is going to hold
C. will be held
4. —Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of
Yourself. —Sorry. The book you ask for____
out.
A. is selling
B. is sold
C. was selling D.
will be sold
5. Annie ________ to the party. She had a wonderful
time with us.
A. invites
B. is invited
C. was invited
D. has
invited
6. Many houses ______ in the earthquake of April 20,
2013 in Ya’an.
A. is destroyed
B. are destroyed
C was destroyed D. were
destroyed
7. Han Han’s books are popular. They ________ by many
teenagers.
A. is read
B. was read
C. are read
D. were read
8. Teenagers________allowed to
drive.
A. should not be B.
should be not
C. not should be
9. —At present, one of the best ways to study is
working in groups.
—More chances _______ to students to
learn from each other.
A. offer
B. are offered
C. have offered
D. are offering
10. —I want to borrow the book, but I don’t know how
long it may ________. —For two
weeks.
A.
keep
B. be borrowed
C. borrow
D. be kept
11. Many trees _______ on the streets every years. So
the air is very fresh now.
A. plant
B. are
planted
C. planted
D. were
planted
12. —Didn't you see the sign 'No Parking!' on the
right? —Sorry, I didn't. But now I know
parking ________ here.
A. wasn't allowed B. isn't
allowed
C. won't allow
D. doesn't
allow
13. From May 6, pedestrians(行人) ________10 yuan if
they run red lights, according to Beijing traffic
authorities.
A. will fine B.
were fined
C.
are fine
D. will be fined
14.—What languages ______ in that country'?
—German and English
A. are speaking
B. are spoken
C.
speak
D. is
spoken
15. A year has four seasons and it ________ twelve
different star signs.
A. divided into
B. is dividing into
C. divided into
D is divided into
16. The child without parents ______ good care of by
his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken
B.
are taken
C. take
D.
takes
17.. — Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs
________． — Sorry, mum. I'll do it at once.
A.
clean
B. cleaned
C. to clean
D. to be
cleaned
18. — “Frog”， Mo Yan's latest novel, please! — Sorry,
it ________ just now. But it will come out again
soon.
A. sold out
B. is sold out
C. has sold out D. was sold
out
19. —Do you know Earth Day? —Sure. It
in 1970 to tell us to protect our
planet.
A. sets up
B. set up
C. is set up
D. was set up
20．A lot of trees _____around here every year，and we
can enjoy fresher air now．
A．were planted B．are
planted
C．will plant
D．are planting
