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区分名词circumstance,surroundings,environment,atmosphere

2023-06-15 14:22阅读:
“circumstance、surrounding、environment” 和 “atmosphere” 之间的区别。它们都与 “环境或情况” 有关,但具体的用法有所不同:谈论 “境况,客观条件” 用 “circumstance”;谈论 “周围环境” 时用复数名词 “surroundings”;名词 “environment” 强调 “环境给人带来的影响”;名词 “atmosphere” 指 “气氛”,强调 “环境给人带来的主观感受”。听节目,学习辨析这四个词的用法。 一. Here we go! 名词 “circumstance” 是 “条件,境况,客观环境”。当我们使用 “circumstance” 的时候,谈论的并不是某个情况本身,而是 “影响某一情况的客观条件或环境”。
She was in a surprisingly cheerful mood considering the difficult circumstances.
(考虑到当时困难的形势,她的心情异常愉快。)
When he got a new job, his circumstances improved almost overnight.
(当他找到新工作后,他的境况几乎一夜之间就好转了。)
I’m so sorry I can't come to dinner. My car broke down! I hope you'll understand under the circumstances.
(很抱歉我不能来吃晚饭了。我的车抛锚了!希望你能理解这个特殊情况。)
二. 复数名词 “surroundings” 的确切含义是 “周围环境,周围事物”,也就是 “某人所在的地方以及这个地方的物质条件”。所以,当我们用 “surroundings” 来指 “环境” 的时候,具体指 “眼睛可以看到的客观事物”。
We worry less about our children now that we live in safer surroundings. We're so happy we moved.
(现在我们周围的生活环境更安全,所以不像以前那样担心孩子们了。我们很高兴我们搬家了。)
Whe
n I came out of the station, it took me a few moments to familiarise myself with my surroundings.
(当我从车站出来后,我花了一段时间才熟悉了周围的环境 。)
My grandparents worked hard their whole lives so they could live in comfortable surroundings in their old age.
(我的祖父母一生都在努力工作,这样他们晚年的时候就能生活在舒适的环境中。)
三.“the environment” 的意思是 “自然环境”。比如,想表达 “保护自然环境”,就可以说 “protect the environment”。名词 “environment” 还可以指 “生活或工作的条件”,强调这些条件对你产生的影响。例如,你的工作环境 “work environment” 会影响你的工作效率。
There is research showing that bright, airy and colourful learning environments help young children do better in school.
(有研究表明,亮堂、通风、色彩明亮的学习环境有助于提高幼儿在学校的表现。)
I tried a new exercise class yesterday. The instructor created such a friendly environment. I think I'll go back next week!
(我昨天试着上了一节新的健身课。课程的指导教练创造了一个很友好的环境,我想我下周还会去上课!)
四. 名词 “atmosphere” 的意思也是 “环境”,强调 “一个场所或情况的特点、氛围或给人带来的感觉”。在上面讲过的词语中,名词 “atmosphere” 可能更强调我们 “对某个地方或情况的主观感受或个人反应”。
Examples
There was quite a tense atmosphere in the room after Faith and Teo had an argument in front of everyone.
(费丝和蒂奥在所有人的面前争吵后,房间里的气氛相当紧张。)
We come to this cafe for meetings a lot. The coffee is great and it has a lovely atmosphere.
(我们经常来这家咖啡馆开工作会议。这里的咖啡很棒,气氛也很好。)

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