1996,1997考研英语真题阅读理解和参考答案
2013-04-14 19:05阅读：
1996年硕士研究生入学考试英语试题
Section
Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
Tight—lipped elders used to say，“It's not what you want in this
world， but
what you get．”
Psychology teaches that you do
get what you want if you know what you want and want the right
things．
You can make a mental
blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a
house，and each of
us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of
everyday living．If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu,
make a shopping list，decide which food to cook first, and such planning
is an essential for any type of meal to be served.
Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of
paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint
for a job，begin with yourself，for when you know exactly what you have to offer,
you can intelligently plan where to sell your
services．
This account of yourself is actually a sketch of
your working life and should include education, experience and
references. Such an account is
valuable．It
can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and
is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you,
your could-be employer is deciding whether your education , your
experience , and other qualifications will pay him to employ you
and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and
reasonably connected manner.
When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your
abilities and desires，you have something tangible to sell. Then you are
ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about
your could-be job．Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the
firm．Keep
your eyes and ears open，and use your own
judgment．Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the
employment you wish for, and keep in
mind：Securing a job is your job now．
51.What do the elders mean when
they say，“It’s not what you want in this
world，but
what you get．”? __
A. You’ll certainly get what
you want
B. It’s no use
dreaming
C. You should be dissatisfied
with what you have
D. It’s essential to set a goal
for yourself
52. A blueprint made before
inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage
as__.
A. an illustration of how to
write an application for a job
B. an indication of how to
secure a good job
C. a guideline for job
description
D. a principle for job
evaluation
53. According to the passage,
one must write an account of himself before starting to find a job
because__.
A. that is the first step to
please the employer
B. that is the requirement of
the employer
C. it enables him to know when
to sell his services
D. it forces him to become
clearly aware of himself
54. When you have carefully
prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have
something__.
A. definite to offer
B. imaginary to provide
C. practical to supply
D. desirable to present
Text 2
With the start of BBC World
service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now
watch the Corporation’s news coverage, as well as listen to
it.
And of course in Britain
listeners and viewers can tune in to two BBC television channels,
five BBC national radio services and dozens of local radio
stations. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and
current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage,
children’s programmes and films for an annual license fee of
£83 per household.
It is a remarkable record,
stretching back over 70 years--yet the BBC’s future is now in
doubt. The corporation will survive as a publicly-funded
broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its
role, its size and its programmes are now the subject of a
nation-wide debate in Britain.
The debate was launched by the
government which invited anyone with an opinion of the
BBC--including ordinary listeners and viewers--to say what was good
or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was
worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC’s royal
charter runs out in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep the
organization as it is, or to make changes.
Defenders of the
corporation--of whom there are many--are fond of quoting the
American slogan “if ain’t broke, don’t fix it.” The BBC “ain’t
broke”, they say, by which they mean it is not broken (as distinct
form the word “broke”, meaning having no money), so why bother to
change it?
Yet the BBC will have to
change, because the broadcasting world around it is changing. The
commercial TV channels--ITV and channel 4-were required by the
Thatcher Government’s Broadcasting Act to become more commercial,
competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and
jobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channels--funded
partly by advertising and partly by viewers subscriptions --which
will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.
55. The world famous BBC now
faces__.
A. the problem of new coverage
B. an uncertain
prospect
C. inquiries by the general
public D. shrinkage of
audience
56. In the passage, which of
the following about the BBC is not mentioned as the key
issue?
A. Extension of its TV service
to Far East.
B. Programmes as the subject of
a nation-wide debate.
C. Potentials for further
international co-operations.
D. Its existence as a
broadcasting organization.
57. The BBC’s “royal charter”
(line4, paragraph 3) stands for__.
A. the financial support from
the royal family
B. the privileges granted by
the Queen
C. a contract with the
Queen
D. a unique relationship with
the royal family
58. The foremost reason why the
BBC has to readjust itself is no other than __
A. the emergence of commercial
TV channels
B. the enforcement of
broadcasting Act by the government
C. the urgent necessity to
reduce costs and jobs
D. the challenge of new
satellite channels
Text 3
In the last half of the
nineteenth century “capital” and “labor” were enlarging and
perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines. Many an old
firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy
of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of
the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented
the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of
family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic
founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative,
towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The
ra
