大学英语视听说II听力答案及原文（第三版）unit4
2012-11-05 12:07阅读：
Unit Four
Psychology in Our Daily Life
Part 1
Listening, Understanding and Speaking
Listening I
Exercise 1
1)F 2)T 3)T 4)F 5)F 6)F
Exercise 2
1)prison 2)the digging 3)ten 4)the money; the gun 5)plant the
potatoes
Script:
A potato farmer was sent to
prison just at the time when he should have been digging the ground
for planting the new crop of potatoes. He knew that his wife would
not be strong enough to do the digging by herself, but she could
manage to do the planting; and he also knew that he did not have
any friends or neighbors wh
o would be willing to do the digging for him. So he wrote a letter
to his wife which said, “Please do not dig the potato field. I hid
the money and the gun there.”
Ten days later he got a letter
from his wife. It said, “I think somebody is reading your letters
before they go out of the prison. Some policemen arrived here two
days ago and dug up the whole potato field. What shall I do
now?”
The prisoner wrote back at
once, “Plant the potatoes, of course.”
Listening II
Exercise 1
√4 √5
Exercise 2
1)the lift service 2)engineers
3)Add more lifts 4)faster ones 5)too expensive 6)a psychologist
7)Place a large mirror 8)simple 9)inexpensive
Script:
The manager of a large office
building received many complaints about the lift service in the
building. He hired a group of engineers to study the situation.
They suggested two solutions: 1) adding more lifts of the same
type; 2) replacing the lifts with faster ones.
The manager decided that both
suggestions were too expensive. So he asked a psychologist to study
the problem. The psychologist noticed that many people felt angry
and impatient because they thought they had to wait too long for
the lifts. However, the psychologist found that they had to wait
only a relatively short time. It occurred to him that the reason
they felt angry and impatient was that they had nothing to do while
they were waiting for the lifts. He suggested a simple, inexpensive
solution to the manager. This was adopted and complaints stopped
immediately. The solution was to place a large mirror next to the
lifts.
Listening
III
Exercise 1
1)T 2)T 3)F 4)F 5)T
Exercise 2
1)office 2)discussion
3)Immediately 4)long 5)describing 6)wrongs 7)over 8)shoulders
9)minutes 10)speechless
Script:
After just a few years of
marriage, filled with constant arguments, a young man and his wife
decided the only way to save their marriage was to try therapy.
They had been at each other's throats for some time and felt that
this was their last resort.
When they arrived at the
therapist's office, the therapist jumped right in and opened the
floor for discussion, “What seems to be the problem?” Immediately,
the husband held his long face down without anything to say. On the
other hand, the wife began describing all the wrongs within their
marriage.
After 5—10—15 minutes of
listening to the wife, the therapist went over to her, picked her
up by her shoulders, kissed her for several minutes, and sat her
back down. Afterwards, the wife sat there—speechless.
He looked over at the husband
who was staring in disbelief at what had happened. The therapist
spoke to the husband, “Your wife NEEDS that at least twice a
week!”
The husband scratched his head
and replied, “I can have her here on Tuesdays and
Thursdays.”
Listening
IV
Exercise 1
1)T 2)T 3)F 4)F 5)F
Exercise 2
1)less stressed 2)stress level; heart rate; blood pressure
3)discussion; social interaction; relaxed 4)laugh;
great
Script:
Joan: I'm so stressed out! I just can't get that
new computer program written. I wonder if I'll ever finish it. I'm
supposed to have dinner with my best friend from college tonight
but I think I should call her and say I can't.
Thomas:
No, Joan, don't call her. Have
dinner with her and have a good time.
Shelly:
I agree with Kristen. Have
dinner and talk about what fun you two had in college. Tomorrow
you'll feel less stressed.
Joan: How do you know, Shelly?
Shelly:
I recently read an article in
the magazine Psychology Today. It said social support, especially
with old and good friends, can help you keep down your stress
level. It can actually slow your heart rate and reduce your blood
pressure.
Thomas:
I read that too. It also said
that making time for close relationships is vital to helping you
have good health. Some research suggests that people who are
socially connected get a better night's rest too.
Joan: OK, I'll go. I really wanted to, but,
well, you know... By the way, Kristen, your job is stressful too.
What are you doing tonight?
Thomas:
I've joined a book discussion
group. We're meeting tonight. I always enjoy the discussion and
social interaction, so I go home afterwards, feeling
relaxed.
Shelly:
I'm going to call my sister. We
don't live close to each other so we phone when we can and laugh a
lot. I always feel great afterwards.
Joan: Sounds like we'll all be “distressing”
tonight. I'm glad we talked.
Part 2
Viewing, Understanding and Speaking
Exercise 1
1)BCFHI 2)ADEG
Exercise 2
1)6:55 2)New York 3)mechanical
problems 4)their flight is overdue/delayed 5)the coffee shop
6)seating on another airline 7)1120
Part 3
Video Appreciation and Singing for Fun
Exercise 1
1)F 2)F 3)F 4)T 5)T 6)F 7)T 8)T
Exercise 2
√A √B √C √D
Exercise 3
1)curse 2)stuck 3)checkout 4)assess; objectively; 5)field; vision
6)fed 7)shoot 8)overtake
Part 4
Further Listening
Listening I
Exercise 1
√B √E
Exercise 2
1)T 2)F 3)F 4)T 5)T
Script:
Not everyone in the world
requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a
person needs around him is a cultural preference, not an economic
one. Knowing your own psychological space needs is important
because they strongly influence your choices, including, for
example, the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up
in a two-child family and both you and your sister or brother had
your own bedrooms, then it's very likely that you will also provide
separate bedrooms for your children. In America they train people
to want their own private rooms by giving them their own rooms when
they are babies. This is very rare in the world. In many cultures
the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a crib near
their bed.
The areas in the home where
people meet also reveal a lot about psychological space needs. Some
families cluster, and the size of their house has nothing to do
with it. Others have separate little places where family members go
to be alone.
Although psychological space
needs are not determined by economic factors, they sometimes have
to be modified a little because of economic pressures. It is almost
impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space
needs.
Listening
II
Exercise 1
1)psychologists 2)influence 3)experimented 4)carrier 5)observed
6)normal 7)10 percent of the passers-by helped the non-handicapped
man, and 15 percent helped the man with a cast. 8)set up a similar
experiment in a situation where the subjects couldn’t
leave.
Exercise 2
1)A student volunteer 2)experiment 3)same 4)books 5)75 6)37.5
7)distracting 8)notice 9)respond 10)further annoyed 11)the noise
12)help out
Script:
Two recent studies by
psychologists suggest that noise can influence how nice we are to
others. They experimented by giving people a chance to help someone
in trouble. A person would see a man carrying two boxes filled with
books. As the person came closer, the book carrier dropped several
books. The other researcher observed whether the passer-by offered
to help.
When the noise level was
normal, 20 percent of the passers-by helped. When the experimenter
wore a cast on his arm, 80 percent offered help.
But when a very noisy lawnmower
was nearby, 10 percent of the passers-by helped the non-handicapped
man, and 15 percent helped the man with a cast.
It seemed that people were less
helpful when it was noisy because they wanted to escape the noise.
So the researchers set up a similar experiment in a situation where
the subjects couldn't leave.
A student volunteer waited in a
room before being called for an experiment he expected. The
experimenter waited in the same room, holding some books. He
dropped the books. The noise level in the room varied from normal
to loud; 75 percent of the 52 students helped pick up the books
under normal conditions, but only half that many volunteered when
the room was noisy. Perhaps because of the distracting noise, the
students didn't notice and respond quickly to the book-dropping. Or
perhaps the book-dropping further annoyed the students already
irritated by the noise, making them less likely to help
out.
Listening
III
Exercise 1
1)C 2)A 3)C 4)A 5)B
Exercise 2
1)identify
personalities 2)achievement 3)parties
4)center 5)crowd
6)getting along with 7)friendly; caring 8)planned 9)structured 10)a
few friends 11)a big group
Script:
(Three students, John, Sue, and
Kelly, are looking at magazines in the library and commenting on
some articles they see.)
John: I think I've seen everything
now!
Sue: What do you mean?
John: Have you ever heard of
psycho-geometrics?
Sue: No.
John: I hadn't either. It's a new way of
identifying personalities.
Kelly:
How?
John: You think of the four basic shapes—square,
triangle, circle and rectangle and decide which shape you like
best.
Sue: I like triangles. They make me think of
the ancient Egyptian pyramids. What does that say about
me?
John: The triangle stands for ambition and high
achievement.
Sue: I like that. What else?
John: You like to achieve. Once you decide what
you want, nothing will stop you. Also you like to give big parties
for friends and love being in the center of the crowd.
Kelly:
That fits you, Sue. What about
me? I like circles. That's why I wear my blouse with the dots on it
so often.
John: The circle is a symbol of unity. Getting
along with others is most important to you. You're friendly, caring
and a good listener. No wonder you're so popular!
Kelly:
That's nice to know. What about
you?
John: I like squares. This is supposed to mean
that I like things to be planned and structured, and also that
finishing things is important to me.
Kelly:
What else?
John: It says that I prefer being with just a
few friends rather than with a big group. That's really
true.
Sue: Do you believe all of this,
John?
John: I don't know but it's fun to think
about.
Listening IV
Exercise 1
1)American history
2)$64,000 3)the best guest; missed a question
4)second 5)easier; play it safe
Exercise 2
1)C 2)B 3)B 4)A 5)A
Script:
Bob had finally made it to the
last round of the $64,000 Question. The night before the big
question, he told the host that he desired a question on American
history. The big night had arrived. Bob made his way on stage in
front of the studio and TV audience. He had become the talk of the
week. He was the best guest this show had ever seen. The host
stepped up to the mike.
“Bob, you have chosen American
history as your final question. You know that if you correctly
answer this question, you will walk away $64,000 richer. Are you
ready?”
Bob nodded with confidence. The
audience went nuts. He hadn't missed a question all
week.
“Bob, your question on American
history is a two-part question. As you know, you may answer either
part first. As a rule, the second half of the question is always
easier. Which part would you like to answer first?”
Bob was now becoming very
nervous. He couldn't believe it, but he was drawing a blank.
American history was his easiest subject, but he played it safe.
“I'll try the easier part first.”
The host nodded approvingly.
“Here we go, Bob. I will ask you the second half first, then the
first half.”
The audience silenced with
great anticipation.
“Bob, here is your question:
And in what year did it happen?”
