查理•芒格教你如何读书与思考
2016-03-24 08:39阅读：
查理•芒格，伯克希尔公司的副董事长，巴菲特多年的合作伙伴，被巴菲特誉为“最有智慧的人”。在今年《Daily
Journal》的股东大会上，芒格发表了自己对读书与时间管理的看法。以下是他的讲话，以及大概的中文翻译。
I will say this, I know no wise person who doesn't read a
lot. I suspect that you can read on the computer now and get a lot
of benefit out of it, but I doubt it will work as well as reading
print worked for me.
我要说的是，我不知道哪位富有智慧的人是不读很多书的。我猜测你现在可以在电脑阅读并且受益，但是我怀疑它会像读纸质书那样对我有效。
I think people that multitask pay a huge price. They think
they're being extra productive, and I think they're (out of their
mind). I use the metaphor of the one-legged man in the a---kicking
contest.
我认为一心多用（multitask）的人将付出重大代价。他们认为自己很有效率，而我认为他们是（鬼迷心窍）。我将此比喻为“用一条腿玩对击比赛”。
I think when you multitask so much, you don't have
time to think about anything deeply. You're giving the world an
advantage you shouldn't do.
Practically everybody is drifting into that mistake.
我认为，一心多用时，你没有时间做深度思考。你在给他人提供不应该提供的优势。事实上，每个人都在朝这个错误的方向滑行。
Concentrating hard on something that is important is … I
can't succeed at all without doing it. I did not succeed in life by
intelligence. I succeeded because I have a long attention
span.
聚焦在那些重要的事情上 –
不做这些事我不可能成功。我不是因为聪明而成功。我的成功是因为我可以长时间聚精会神。（长时间的注意力）
It sounds counterintuitive, but if you want to increase
discretionary time and reduce stress, you need to schedule time to
think. The tiny fragments of time many of us find ourselves with
have a negative effect on our ability to think deeply about a
problem. Furthermore they impede our ability to learn — we stay at
a surface level and never move into a deep
understanding.
听起来似乎违反常识，但是如果你希望增加自由的时间并减少压力，你需要安排时间思考。太多碎片化的时间，对深度思考能力是严重的负面影响。更有甚者，它（碎片化的时间）妨碍我们的学习能力
–
我们只停留在问题的表面，无法进入到深刻理解层次。
Deresiewicz warns: 'You simply cannot (think) in bursts of 20
seconds at a time, constantly interrupted by Facebook messages or
Twitter tweets, or fiddling with your iPod, or watching something
on YouTube.'
Deresiewicz警告说“你不可能做20秒的思维冲刺。不断地被“脸书”或微信，或ipad打断，或在电脑上看视频（将把你的时间碎片化）。
The opposite approach is to focus on a problem or subject and
try to achieve a deep fluency. How many of us, however, have time?
We don't do the work required to have an
opinion. Instead we operate with surface
knowledge.
相反的做法是，聚焦一个问题或一个主题，尝试做到深度流畅、熟练。我们有多少人有时间？我们缺少完成任务所必须的观点、意见。取而代之，我们只能用肤浅的知识。
We tackle problems with the first thought that comes to mind.
Because we make a poor initial decision, we spend countless hours
attempting to correct it. No wonder we have no time to think. We're
not heeding the advice of Joseph Tussman and
letting the world do the work for
us.
我们用初始的想法解决问题。因为我们一开始就做出错误的决策，我们会花费无数个小时去修正。难怪我们没有时间思考！我们没有听从Joseph
Tussman的劝告“让世界为我们工作”。
We sound good and yet and we fail to learn — in part because
everyone else is doing the same thing. Well, when you do what
everyone else does, don't be surprised when you get the same
results everyone else gets.
我们看上去很好，但丧失了学习 –
一部分原因是因为每个人都在这么做。好吧，当你做大家都在做的事情时，不要为得到与他人一样的结果而吃惊。
If you want to get off the same track that everyone else is
on, start scheduling
time to think.
如果你想走与众不同的路，（从现在）开始安排时间思考。
