第十周语法作业（形容词和形容词词组）
2009-12-22 10:09阅读：
一、语法摘要：
1.Accoring to the composition of words, adjectives can be divided
into two kinds: One-word Adjective and Compound Adjective.
Some One-word Adjectives consists with only one free morpheme, such
as big, small, bad, good, hot, cold and so on. And some consists
with free roots and affixes.
2.According to their functions in the sentences, there'are two
sorts of adjectives: Central Adjective and Peripheral
Adjective.
二、语法练习：
(一)、Rewrite the following sentences, using an -ing form or -ed form
as a premodifier in the noun phrase:
1.This news alarmed us very much.
答案：This is a piece of very alarming news.
解析：由于主语是新闻，故用主动形式。
2.People were most astonished by that story.
答案：That was a most astonishing story.
解析：主语为故事，故用ing形式
3.The children behaved themselves well.
答案：They're well-behaved children.
解析：根据句义，可判断出应选用-ED类形容词。
(二)、Complete the following sentences by arranging the words in
parentheses in the correct order and inserting them in the
blanks:
4.She wore _____________ hair.(long, beautiful)
答案：beautiful long
解析：主观形容词相对排列在前
5.The house stands on a ________ slope.(hilly, lovely, green)
答案：lovely green hilly
解析：材质类形容词相对排在后位
6.We ate in the ________ restaurant.(new, unusual, Chinese)
答案：unusual new Chinese
解析：同第四题
7.There were many birds in the ________ sky.(morning, cloudy,
gray)
答案：cloudy gray morning
解析：越客观的单词位置越靠后
8.Why were the _________ boxes damaged?(ten, cardboard,
first)
答案：first ten cardboard
解析：需注意序数词的位置
（三）、Transform each of the sentences below so as to produce a
subject complement consisting of a participle adjective +
prepositional phrase, avoiding by whenever possible:
9.The Countess was amused at the young man's discomfiture.
答案：The young man's discomfiture amused the Countess.
解析：从主动变成被动需注意合适介词的搭配。
10.Etiquette obviously did not bother him.
答案：He was obviously not bothered with etiquette.
解析：注意否定词的位置。
三、四级题库：
41. If you____ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be
sleepy.
A. haven’t watched B. didn’t watched
C. hadn’t watched D. wouldn’t have
watched
答案：C
解析：主句是对现在的事实进行虚拟，故从句采用过去完成时形式。
42. Anna refused to____the car keys to her husband until he had
promised to wear his safety belt.
A. hand in
B. hand out
C. hand down
D. hand over
答案：D
解析：hand over意为“移交，交出”，符合本题题意。而hand in作“交上，上缴”讲；hand out
意为“分给(每个人)”；hand down意为“传给”，常用被动形式。
43. “He is already on the wrong side of forties.”
“It’s about time he ____himself a wife and settled down.”
A. finds B. should find C. found D. had found
答案：C
解析：It is high(about) time that”句型后面的从句谓语要用过去式，
44. We find the book quite____: it provides us with an abundance of
information on western music.
A. distracting B. enlightening C. amusing D. confusing
答案：B
解析：enlightening意为“启发的，有教育意义的”，符合本题题意。confusing意为“令人困惑的”；distracting意为“使人分心的，干扰的”；amusing“有趣的
45. It is necessary that an efficient worker____his work on
time.
A. accomplishes B. can accomplish C. accomplish D. has
accomplished
答案：C
解析：主语从句中使用的虚拟语气可用来表示要求，建议，提议，命令，意愿等。形式为：It is
+要求引起虚拟的形容词或过去分词+主语从句。
46. Dogs are often praised for their____; they almost never abandon
their masters.
A. truthfulness B. loyalty C. trust D. faith
答案：B
解析：loyalty作“忠诚，效忠”讲，符合本题题意。而faith意为“信任，相信，信心”；trust作“信任，信赖”讲；truthfulness作“诚实，真实”讲。
47. “How did James Bond escape from the locked confine?”
“Oh, you know he always manages ____a tight situation.”
A. to get out of B. getting out of C. to have got him out of D.
in getting out of
答案：A
解析：某些动词只能跟不定式作宾语。这类动词常见的有：aim,arrange,agree,decide,
hesitate,manage,offer,refuse,etc.
48. The scientific group is carrying out a research focused on a
drug which is so____as to be able to change brain chemistry.
A. powerful B. influential C. monstrous D. vigorous
答案：A
解析：powerful此处指“(药等)效力大的”，符合本题题意。influential意为“有影响的，有权势的”；monstrous意为“怪异的，宏大的”；vigorous作“精力充沛的，强有力的”讲
49.They failed to pass the exam last time; I regretted ____.
A. to be not able to help
B. being unable to help
C. being not able to helping
D.
not be able to help
答案：B
解析：某些动词跟不定式做宾语与跟-ing分词作宾语时有区别：“regret+不定式”：对尚未做的或正在做的事表示遗憾；“regret+-ing分词”：对做过的事情表示后悔。
50. He ordered the work ____.
A. started at once B. to be started at once C. to start at once
D. at once start
答案：B
解析：此处不定式做宾语补足语，因此使用不定式的被动形式。
四、小结：
形容词和形容词词组这章并无特别的难点，需要注意的是关于形容词的排列位置这一知识点需要记忆。虽然许多规则看似繁琐，但实际只要和以前所学融会贯通就能理解它的用法，减少记忆量。除此之外，还需要搞清形容词及形容词词组在句中所作的成分。弄清这两点以后，难题就会迎刃而解。
